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JUL 3-1899 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 

Cliap.^_Sii?(Jopyright No. 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 




Ralph Waldo Emerson. 



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THE 

Early Poems 

OF 

Ralph Waldo Emerson 



WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY 

Nathan Haskell Dole 



T. Y. CROWELL & COMPANY 
? NEW YORK 



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-A J 



-w-lV&Q. 



34631 




Copyright, 1899, 
By T. Y. CROWELL & COMPANY. 



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CONTENTS. 



The Sphynx . 

Each and All 

The Problem . 

To Rhea 

The Visit 

Uriel 

The World -Soul 

Alphonso of Castile 

MlTHRIDATES 

To J. W. 

Fate 

Guy 

Tact 

Hamatreya 

GOOD-BY 

The Rhodora 
The Humblebee 
Berrying 
The Snow-storm 
Wood Notes. I 



PAGE 

i 

8 
ii 
15 

19 
21 

24 
30 
34 
36 

38 
4i 
43 
45 
49 
5 1 
5 2 
55 
56 
58 



iv CONTENTS. 

PAGE 

Wood Notes. II • . . . . . .66 

Monadnoc . . . . . • . .83 

Fable 102 

Ode • . . . .103 

Astr^a 108 

Etienne de la Boece Ill 

"Suum Cuique" 113 

Compensation 114 

Forbearance 115 

The Park 116 

The Forerunners 117 

"Sursum Corda" 119 

Ode to Beauty 120 

Give All to Love 125 

To Ellen, at the South 128 

To Eva 130 

The Amulet 132 

Eros 133 

Hermione 134 

Ode. I 138 

II. The Daemonic and the Celestial Love . 145 

The Apology 157 

Merlin. I 159 

Merlin. II . . 163 

Bacchus 166 

Loss and Gain . 17Q 



CONTENTS. V 

PAGE 

Merops ,171 

The House . . 172 

Saadi 174 

Holidays 182 

Painting and Sculpture 184 

From the Persian of Hafiz , . . -185 
From the Persian of Hafiz . . . .192 

Xenophanes 194 

The Day's Ration 195 

Blight 197 

musketaquid 200 

Dirge 204 

Threnody 207 

Hymn ......... 220 



LIFE OF RALPH WALDO EMERSON. 



In the early years of the nineteenth century, when 
Boston was as yet only a comfortable little seaport 
town, and its principal streets still gave room for gar- 
dens and cow pastures, there stood at the corner of 
what is now Summer and Chauncy streets a gambrel- 
roofed wooden building, shaded by elms and Lom- 
bardy poplars, and surrounded by ample grounds. 
This was the parish house of the oldest church in 
Boston, called the First or a 01d Brick Church." 

The minister of this church and occupant of this 
mansion was the Rev. William Emerson, who on the 
25th of May, 1803, wrote in his diary: "This day, 
whilst I was at dinner at Governor Strong's, my son 
Ralph Waldo was born." 

The Rev. William Emerson was one of the notable 
men of his day. Although his life was cut off at the 
early age of forty-two, he had accomplished a work 
the influence of which is still definitely, if uncon- 
sciously, felt, and always will be felt in the culture of 
Boston. Science and learning as represented by the 
Lowell Institute, literature as represented by the 
Athenaeum, art as represented by the Museum, point 
back to that vivacious, liberal-minded, and eloquent 



viii LIFE OF 

young minister. He had been settled in the town of 
Harvard at a yearly salary of less than six hundred 
dollars, but Boston heard him preach, wanted him and, 
in 1799, bought him off from the Harvard parish for a 
bonus of a thousand dollars, giving rise to the epigram 
perpetrated at the expense of the Old Brick Church : 
"You bought your minister and sold your bellP 

William Emerson traced his descent from Thomas 
Emerson, who emigrated from England to America in 
1635, was thrifty, and left a large estate for those days. 
His son John, minister at Gloucester, was the common 
ancestor of Phillips Brooks and Wendell Phillips. 
His son Joseph, preacher successively at Wells, at 
Milton, and at Mendon, married Elizabeth, grand- 
daughter of Peter Bulkeley, a wealthy and learned 
dissenting minister, who founded Concord and Con- 
cord church. Edward, son of Joseph and Elizabeth, 
married Rebecca Waldo, and his son Joseph married 
Mary Moody and had ten children, the ninth of whom 
was William, who was the minister at Concord, and 
built the Old Manse celebrated by Hawthorne. When 
he died at the early age of thirty-three, his widow 
married his successor, the Rev. Ezra Ripley, who was 
a kindly and wise step-father to the lively young 
William, his mother's only son. It is said that he 
had no drawing to the ministry, but, on hearing Dr. 
Ripley pray for the fulfilment of his mother's desire, 
he studied divinity and was settled at Harvard at the 
age of twenty-three. His letters are full of wit and 
vivacity. He was extremely fond of society and liked 
to sing and to play on the bass viol. He was too poor 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. 



IX 



to keep a horse, but in 1796, when his salary was 
only $330.30, he married Miss Ruth Haskins, sold 
his bass fiddle, took boarders, taught, and worked his 
farm. At the time of his death he was receiving 
$2500 a year, thirty cords of wood, and the rent of 
his house. He raised potatoes, corn, and other vege- 
tables in his garden on Summer Street. He was the 
founder of the Philosophical Society, and the leading 
member of the Anthology Club, which established a 
library, a museum, a course of lectures, and a monthly 
magazine. 

Ralph Waldo Emerson was eight at the time of his 
father's death. The parish voted to continue the 
salary to the widow for six months longer, to pay her 
$500 a year for seven years, and permitted her to 
occupy the parish house for more than three years. 
She took boarders, did her own work, and managed 
to educate the children, as she felt that they were 
born to be educated. The distance between her little 
vessel and the lee shore of poverty was very small. 
Mrs. Ripley found the family one day without any 
food, except the stories of heroic endurance with 
which their aunt, Mary Moody Emerson, was regaling 
them. Ralph and his brother Edward had but one 
overcoat between them, and had to take turns going 
to school. 

This aunt, Miss Emerson, was a thorn in the 
spirit for the whole family. Of great intellect, of 
lofty views, ambitious, religious, sceptical, a burning 
brand in the household, she stimulated, she exasper- 
ated, she made herself and every one about her un- 



x LIFE OF 

happy. She wanted every one but herself to be 
orthodox. Emerson said of her: "She tramples on 
the common humanities all day, and they rise as 
ghosts and torment her all night." Mr. Charles 
Eliot Cabot says : u She was an ever-present em- 
bodiment of the Puritan conscience." Her influence 
on the Emerson children was, on the whole, injuri- 
ous. Even Ralph Waldo, who was less susceptible 
to it than the others, felt it severely. 

Ralph was sent to school before he was three years 
old. At ten he writes his Aunt Mary of his studies 
in the Latin School, which were supplemented by 
two hours' attendance at a private school where he 
learned to write and cipher. Once or twice he played 
truant during this midday recess of extra work, and 
was punished for it by imprisonment with bread and 
water. He was not a brilliant scholar, nor was he 
inclined to mingle with his associates in play. He 
never owned a sled, and, though there was a good 
pond for skating not far away, he did not learn to 
skate till he was a freshman in college. According 
to Dr. Furness he held aloof from " Coram " and 
" Hy-spy," and other sports, simply because from his 
earliest years he dwelt in a higher sphere. He could 
not remember the time when Emerson was not liter- 
ary in his pursuits. When he was thirteen his uncle, 
Samuel Ripley, asked him how it was that all the 
boys disliked him and quarrelled with him. 

In 1 8 14 the price of provisions became so high in 
Boston that Mrs. Emerson and her family took ref- 
uge in Concord with Dr. Ripley, with whom, they 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON.' xi 

spent a year. On their return to Boston they lived 
in a house on Beacon Hill lent by its owner in ex- 
change for board for his wife and children. Emerson 
remembered driving the cow to pasture on Carver 
Street. That year he was reading " Teldmaque " in 
French and Priestley's lectures on history, and his 
letters are pretty well peppered with original verse. 
In October, 1817, he went to Cambridge, having 
passed a very good examination, and his mother re- 
joiced because he did not have to be admonished to 
study. He was appointed President's Freshman, a 
position which gave him a room free of charge. He 
waited at Commons, and this reduced the cost of 
board to one quarter, and he received a scholarship. 
He added to his slender means by tutoring and by 
teaching during the winter vacations at his Uncle 
Ripley's school in Waltham. Mr. Conway says that 
during his college course his mother moved to Cam- 
bridge and took student boarders, but Emerson had 
his room in the college buildings, occupying 5, 15, 
and 9, Hollis, during the last three years, respectively. 

Even in his fourteenth year he was described as 
being "just what he was afterward, kindly, affable, 
but self-contained, receiving praise or sympathy with- 
out taking much notice of it." 

He was fonder of desultory reading than of regular 
study, and naturally came into some disfavor with the 
authorities. In mathematics he confessed himself 
"a hopeless dunce," and laughingly declared that a 
possible English congener, William Emerson of Dur- 
ham, a famous mathematician, must have appropriated 



xii LIFE OF 

all his talents in that line. "I can't multiply seven 
by twelve with security," he added. 

George Ticknor, who taught modern languages, and 
Edward Everett, Greek professor, gave lectures, and 
Emerson attended them with profit. He took two 
Bowdoin prizes for dissertations, and the Boylston 
prize of $30 for declamation. He graduated just 
above the middle of a class of fifty-nine, and had 
one of the twenty-nine commencement parts, but, dis- 
gusted at its insignificance, took no pains to learn it, 
and had to be frequently prompted. He was not en- 
titled to admission to the <£. B. K. Society, but he 
was elected class poet, and his poem was regarded as 
a superior production. His future seemed indefinite. 
All he would promise was "to try to be a minister 
and have a house." The house was for his mother, 
so that he might " in some feeble degree repay her for 
the cares and woes and inconveniences she had so 
often been subject to on her son's account alone." 

After he graduated he for two years assisted his 
brother William in a school for young ladies estab- 
lished in his mother's house, and when William went 
to Gottingen to study divinity, he remained another 
year in sole charge. During these three years he 
earned nearly $3000 and was enabled to help his 
mother and brothers. But he always remembered 
his terrors at entering the school, his timidities at 
French, " the infirmities of his cheek," and his occa- 
sional admiration of some of his pupils, and his vex- 
ation of spirit when the will of the pupils was a little 
too strong for the will of the teacher. 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. xiii 

He regretted that his teaching was perfunctory. 
He wished that he had shown his pupils the poems 
and works of imagination which he himself delighted 
in. Then teaching might have been for him also " a 
liberal and delicious art. 1 ' He always wondered why 
the poorest country college never offered him a profes- 
sorship of rhetoric. He wrote in his journal : " I think 
I could have taught an orator, though I am none." 

In 1823 Mrs. Emerson hired a house on Canterbury 
Lane, also called Light Lane, Dark Lane, or Feather- 
bed Lane, Roxbury, about four miles from the State 
House. In Franklin Park a tablet in the Overlook 
on Schoolmaster Hill commemorates the fact that 
Emerson there, stretched out beneath the pines, wrote 
his poem, "Good-by, proud world ; I'm going home." 
His letters from there show that the teaching in town, 
which he still kept up, was not much more irksome 
than the communion with nature which had been rec- 
ommended to him. " I cannot find myself quite as 
perfectly at home on the rock and in the wood as my 
ancient, and I might say infant, aspirations led me to 
expect," he wrote on the 19th of June of that year. 
"When I took my book to the woods I found nature 
not half poetical, not half visionary, enough. ... I 
found that I had only transplanted into the new place 
my entire personal identity, and was grievously dis- 
appointed." 

In 1825 Emerson wrote his aunt that Channing was 
"preaching sublime sermons every Sunday morning 
in Federal Street." The influence of Channing may 
have determined him to fit for the ministry, though his 



xiv LIFE OF 

brother William, much to his mother's grief, had found 
it impossible to subscribe to creeds and had decided 
against that profession. But Ralph Waldo confessed 
that, while he inherited from his "sire a formality of 
manners and speech," he also " derived from him or 
his patriotic parent a passionate love for the strains of 
eloquence.'" He therefore elected to study divinity. 
His brother William advised his going to Gottingen, 
but he wrote : " Unless I take the wings of the morn- 
ing for a packet, and feed on wishes instead of dollars, 
and be clothed with imagination for raiment, I must 
not expect to go. 1 ' And like a true philosopher — 
like the fox philosopher of the story — he adds : " It 
might not do me any good." 

Certain lands in the city had increased in value and 
a little money was forthcoming from them ; so he 
decided to go to Cambridge, where " the learned and 
reverend " had consented to admit him to the middle 
class. In February, 1825, on the eve of leaving his 
Canterbury home, he wrote that he had "learned a 
few more names and dates, additional facility of ex- 
pression ; the gauge of his own ignorance, its sound- 
ing-places and bottomless depths." He added that 
his " cardinal vice of intellectual dissipation — sinful 
strolling from book to book, from care to idleness " — 
was his cardinal vice still — was a malady which 
" belonged to the chapter of incurables." 

He took a floor room in the cold, damp northeast 
corner of Divinity Hall, and w T ithin a month was 
obliged by ill health and weak eyes to suspend his 
studies. He went first to Newton and worked on his 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. xv 

Uncle Ladd's farm. Here he fell in with an " igno- 
rant and rude laborer" who was a Methodist, and it is 
chronicled that Emerson's first sermon was founded 
on this man's dictum, that " men were always praying 
and all their prayers were answered." But he added 
as a saving clause, "We must beware, then, what we 
ask!" 

In the summer he instructed a few private pupils, 
and in September took charge of a public school in 
Chelmsford, which he left at the beginning of the next 
year to relieve his brother Edward of the care of his 
school in Roxbury, and then in April he returned to 
Cambridge, where his mother had again taken a house. 
He opened a school there and had among his pupils 
Richard Henry Dana, 2d, but he was afflicted with 
rheumatism and threatened with lung complaint. 

He managed to attend some of the lectures at the 
Divinity School, and made a show of keeping along 
with his class. But he afterward declared that if the 
authorities had examined him on his studies they 
would not have passed him. They did not examine 
him, and he was " approbated to preach " by the 
Middlesex Association of Ministers in October, 1826, 
and on the fifteenth of that month delivered his first 
public sermon at Waltham. 

As cold weather came on, he was obliged to go 
South. The deferring of his hopes made him heart- 
sick. Mr. M. D. Conway says he preached in Charles- 
ton, which had the only Unitarian pulpit south of the 
Potomac. But the weather was cold and he took a 
sloop to St. Augustine, where he spent the winter 



xvi LIFE OF 

"parading the beach and thinking of his brother 
barnacles at a distance." He was amused at the 
theological and civil manners of the place, where " the 
worthy father of the Catholic Church was arrested 
and imprisoned for debt, where the president of the 
Bible Society was notorious for his profanity, and its 
treasurer, the marshal of the district, combined meet- 
ings of the society with slave-auctions.' 1 Emerson 
made the acquaintance of Prince Achille Murat, "a 
philosopher, a scholar, a man of the world, very scep- 
tical but very candid, and an ardent lover of truth." 
He long remembered him as " a type of heroic man- 
ners and sweet-tempered ability." 

When he reached Alexandria after a direfully tem- 
pestuous voyage, he wrote his aunt that he was not a 
jot better or worse than when he left home. In this 
same letter he describes how when he reads Walter 
Scott, a thousand imperfect suggestions arise in his 
mind, which, if he could give heed, would make him a 
novelist ; and, when he chances to light on a verse of 
genuine poetry, even in the corner of a newspaper, a 
forcible sympathy awakened a legion of little goblins 
in the recesses of his soul, and if he had leisure to 
attend to the fine tiny rabble, he would straightway 
be a poet. He confessed that in his day-dreams 
he hungered and thirsted to be a painter. 

On his return he "supplied" for some weeks at the 
First Church, during the absence of its regular minis- 
ter. Then in the autumn of 1827 he supplied for Mr. 
Hall at Northampton, where he made the acquaintance 
of the Lymans. Mrs. Lyman was a descendant of 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. xvii 

Anne Hutchinson, whom Emerson's ancestor, Peter 
Bulkeley, had helped to drive out of Massachusetts ; 
but a warm friendship quickly sprang up between the 
brilliant and beautiful woman and the pale young 
student, whom she called an angel unawares. 

He had several " calls " to accept permanent posi- 
tions, but his health was still so uncertain that he re- 
fused them all, and lived at Cambridge a desultory 
life, " lounging on a system," writing a sermon a 
month, strolling, courting the society of laughing 
persons, and trying to win " firmer health and solid 
powers." 

He had not as yet shown evidence of remarkable 
ability ; his brothers Edward and Charles entirely 
eclipsed him. He never jested (so Dr. Hedge said), 
was slow in speech and in movement, and was never 
known to run. Yet when his brother Edward, "the 
admired, learned, eloquent," lost first his reason and 
then his health, and died in self-imposed exile, Emer- 
son wrote in his journal that he had little fear for such 
an evil, even in the line of the constitutional calamity 
of his family ; " I have so much mixture of silliness 
in my intellectual frame, that I think Providence has 
tempered me against this." 

He had preached temporarily at Concord, N. H., 
and there he met Miss Ellen Louisa Tucker, the 
daughter of a former Boston merchant. She had 
greatly impressed him, but he thought he had "got 
over his blushes and his wishes." But when he met 
her again in December, 1828, he " surrendered at 
discretion." "She is seventeen years old and very 



xviii LIFE OF 

beautiful by universal consent, 1 ' he wrote his brother 
William. 

In March of the following year he was settled as 
colleague of the Rev. Henry Ware, Jr., over the Sec- 
ond or Old North Church, and in September was 
married and established in a house in Chardon Place. 
His happiness and success seemed to him too great 
to last. His intuitions were not ill founded. He 
found himself unable to administer the Communion in 
its concrete oral form, and when the church refused to 
let him continue the service, dropping " the use of the 
elements, 1 ' 1 he resigned, and his resignation was ac- 
cepted by a vote of thirty against twenty-four. It 
must have been a relief to him to be free, for all that 
savored of ritual was distasteful to him, and even ex- 
tempore prayer was irksome. He did not excel in 
the usual pastoral relations. It is related of him that 
when he was summoned to administer consolation at 
the bedside of a Revolutionary veteran, and showed 
some awkwardness in the matter, the dying man rose 
in his wrath and exclaimed, " Young man, if you don't 
know your business, you had better go home.'" Even 
the sexton of the church declared that in his opinion 
he was not born to be a minister. 

But his ability in the pulpit was marked, and many 
of his congregation greatly regretted the step that was 
forced on him. He had recently suffered the loss of 
his young wife, who even before her marriage was 
threatened with consumption. She died in February, 
1831. He was like a ship adrift. But great schemes 
were floating in his mind. One of them was the es- 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. xix 

tablishment of "a magazine of his ownty-donty," in 
which there should be no cooperation, but only his 
personal individuality to unify it. 

Again his health broke down. He was disheart- 
ened, and felt that the doom of his race was on him. 
At first it was suggested that he should go to the West 
Indies and visit his brother Edward, but at the last 
moment he found that a 236-ton brig was about to 
sail for the Mediterranean : he took passage on her 
and was landed at Malta on the 2d of February, 1832. 

In his diary written on the vessel one can read the 
influence of Carlyle. Speaking of the clouds, he says : 
"What they said goest thou forth so far to seek — 
painted canvas, carved marble, renowned towns ? . . . 
Yes, welcome, young man, the universe is hospitable ; 
the great God who is love hath made you aware of 
the forms and breeding of His wide house. We 
greet you well to the place of history, as you please to 
style it, to the mighty Lilliput or ant-hill of your gene- 
alogy. 11 And so on quite in the style of " Sartor. 11 

From Malta, where he with a tame curiosity looked 
about La Valetta, he crossed to Sicily, spent several 
days in sight of Etna, drank of the waters of Arethusa, 
plucked the papyrus on the banks of the Anopus, 
visited the Catacombs, heard Mass in the ancient 
Temple of Minerva, and fed on fragrant Hyblaean 
honey and Ortygian quails ; but he felt tormented by 
his ignorance, wanted his Vergil and his Ovid, his 
history and his Plutarch. " It is the playground of the 
gods and goddesses. 11 "The poor hermit who with 
saucer eyes had strayed from his study" found himself 



xx LIFE OF 

somewhat at a loss in those " out courts of the Old 
World. 11 "Some faces under new caps and jackets, 11 
he says, "another turn of the old kaleidoscope. 11 

He was not sure in the noise and myriads of peo- 
ple, amid the grandeur and poverty that he saw, that 
he was growing much wiser or any better for his trav- 
els. "An hour in Boston and an hour in Naples 
have about equal value to the same person. 11 

Even his judgment of people remind one of Carlyle 
in his peevish days. He hoped he should not always 
be "yoked with green, dull, pitiful persons. 11 The 
" various little people " with whom he had been 
" cabined up by sea and land ,1 may have been all 
better and wiser than he ; still they did not help him. 
He longed for a teacher. He would " give all Rome 
for one man such as were fit to walk " there. 

At Florence he dined and-breakfasted with Landor, 
who, he thought, did " not quite show the same cali- 
ber in conversation as in his books. 11 He hoped for 
better things of Carlyle, to whom he was pilgriming 
through all such inanimate trifles as coliseums and 
duomos. Even Venice he called "a great oddity, a 
city for beavers ... a most disagreeable residence " ; 
and Paris was " a loud modern New York of a place. 11 
" Pray, what brought you here, grave sir? 11 " the mov- 
ing Boulevard 11 seemed to ask him. A lecture at the 
Sorbonne, he complains, was far less useful to him 
than a lecture which he should write himself ! 

He stayed about three weeks in London. He at- 
tended service at St. Paul's. "Poor church, 11 is his 
only comment. He visited Coleridge and Bowring 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. xxi 

and John Stuart Mill, and still in quest for Car- 
lyle reached Edinburgh, where he -preached in the 
Unitarian chapel, and at last, after peculiar difficul- 
ties, discovered his ideal living quietly at Craigenput- 
toch — the youth he sought he called " good and wise 
and pleasant," and his wife, " a most accomplished, 
agreeable woman." " Truth and peace and faith dwell 
with them." His visit with them he called " a white 
day in his years." Carlyle, on his part, always de- 
clared it was the most beautiful thing in his experi- 
ence at Craigenputtoch. Yet even Carlyle was not 
the long-sought master. In the deepest matters the 
Scotchman had nothing to teach the Yankee. He 
had met with men, he wrote, of far less power who 
had got greater insight into religious truth. 

But the interview on both sides was pleasing and 
resulted in a lifelong friendship. 

At Rydal Mount he paid his respects to Wordsworth, 
and was not offended by the old poet's egotisms. 1 
Having reached Liverpool, he confided to his journal 
his gratitude to the great God who had led him in 
safety and pleasure through "this European scene — 
this last schoolroom " in which He had pleased to 
instruct him. The sight of Landor, Coleridge, Car- 
lyle, and Wordsworth, though he realized that not 
one of them was " a mind of the very first class," had 
comforted and confirmed him in his convictions. He 
felt that he would be able to judge more justly, less 
timidly, of wise men for evermore. 

1 For Emerson's own account of his experiences see " Eng- 
lish Traits." 



xxii LIFE OF 

It is odd and sounds almost prehistoric to read 
Emerson quoting the prediction that " the time will 
come when the ocean will be navigated by merchant- 
men by steam." 

With health restored and established, he reached 
New York early in October, after a voyage which 
lasted more than a month ; and, having rejoined his 
mother at Newton, where she was then living, he be- 
gan to preach and lecture as occasion offered. On 
the second Sunday after his return he occupied his 
old pulpit in the Second Church and for four years 
supplied at various places. He might have had a call 
to New Bedford, but as he stipulated that he must not 
be expected to administer the Communion or to offer 
prayer unless the Spirit moved, the church withdrew 
its invitation. His first lecture was delivered in No- 
vember, 1883, before the Boston Society of Natural 
History. His early lectures were on scientific sub- 
jects and before scientific bodies. 

He was expecting to have his wife's share of her 
father's estate, and this expectation was soon satisfied, 
so that he made sure of a yearly income of about 
$1200, and he was meditating more seriously than 
ever the adventure of a periodical paper which should 
"speak the truth without fear or favor. 1 ' This mate- 
rialized afterward in The Dial. 

In the summer of 1834 he was the chosen poet for 
the <£. B. K. Society, and the verses contained a word 
portrait of Daniel Webster. His brother Edward, 
who had just died, had been Webster's private secre- 
tary and tutor to his children. He went to Bangor 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. xxiii 

to preach for a few Sundays, and wrote to Dr. F. H. 
Hedge that he was seriously thinking of trying to per- 
suade a small number of persons to join him in a colony 
thirty miles up the river ; but this visionary project of 
a forest hermitage was never carried out, and in Octo- 
ber he went to live in Concord, which was his home 
throughout the rest of his life. He lived with his 
mother in the Manse until, in 1835, having become en- 
gaged to Miss Lidia Jackson of Plymouth, he bought 
at a bargain the Coolidge house, which he said was a 
mean place, and would be till trees and flowers should 
give it a character of its own. It was a square man- 
sion set rather low in a field, through which flowed 
a brook down to the sluggish Concord River. 

In September he was called on as a townsman to 
deliver a discourse on the two hundredth anniversary 
of the incorporation of the town, and he made special 
investigations for the purpose of imparting historic 
value to it. Two days after this event he drove to 
Plymouth and was married there at the Winslow 
house, which belonged to his bride. She would have 
liked to live in Plymouth, but he preferred Concord, 
and had written to her that " he was born a poet, 
though his singing was very husky and for the most 
part in prose," and therefore must guard and study 
his rambling propensities. Concord, he intimated, 
gave him sunsets, forests, snowstorms, and river views, 
which were more to him than friends, but Plymouth ! 
— " Plymouth is streets ! " 

In the winters of 1 835-1 836, besides supplying the 
East Lexington church, he began a course of ten lee- 



xxiv LIFE OF 

tures on English literature, and this made such a favor- 
able impression that henceforth his career was assured. 
Not only was the subject-matter original and unique, 
but the judgments expressed were sound, and the 
delivery was marked by a peculiar charm which those 
who heard him never forgot : 

" You are filled with d 'light at his clear demonstration, 
Each figured-word, gesture, just fits the occasion! " 

said Lowell. ^ 

In 1836 Emerson helped to introduce to American 
readers Carlyle's " Sartor Resartus," which had the 
distinction of selling the first edition and a thousand 
copies besides, before it was put into book form in 
England. His efforts in this practical direction elic- 
ited the little sneer in Lowell's " Fable for Critics, 1 ' 
where he speaks of Emerson in these words : — 

His is, we ?nay say, 
A Greek head on right Yankee shoulders, whose range 
Has Olympus for one pole, for t' other the Exchange. 

Or again a little farther down he says he is composed of 
" one part pure earth, ninety-nine parts pure lecturer." 
Lowell was even more severe on Emerson's poetry. 
After comparing his rich words to "gold nails in 
temples to hang trophies on," he says, his — 

Prose is grand verse, while his verse, the Lord knows, 
Is so?ne ofitpr — No, 't is not even prose. 

And he goes on : — 

In the worst of his poems are mines of rich matter, 
But thrown in a heap with a crash and a clatter. 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. xxv 

When Lowell was editor of the Atlantic Monthly, 
Emerson sent him his mystic " Song of Nature." 
But Lowell returned it to him, stating that certain 
lines in it would offend the religious susceptibilities of 
the community. The lines particularized were those 
where Homer, Shakespeare, and Plato were united 
with Christ in one : — 

Twice have I moulded an image, 

And thrice outstretched my hand ; 
Made one of day, and one of night, 

And one of the salt sea-sand. 
One in a Judcean manger 

And one by Avon stream, 
One over against the mouths of Nile, 

And one in the Academe. 

Emerson was amazed, and took the poem to Miss 
Elizabeth Hoar, who was always his kindly censor, 
and asked her if she could see anything offensive in 
the lines. 

Emerson said : " She read them carefully, but failed 
to help me out, concluding that they were not to be 
altered and must be allowed to stand. So they will 
not trouble the readers of the Atlantic." 

I n 1 836, on the day of the two-hundredth anniversary 
of the founding of Harvard College, Emerson and others 
met and discussed the state of philosophy and theol- 
ogy. A few days later a project ripened of founding 
a periodical to embody their views. Thus was started 
The Dial, which became the organ 0f the so-called 
transcendental movement, though the first number did 
not appear till July, 1840. Emerson's book, " Nature," 



xxvi LIFE OF 

is regarded as " the first document of that remarkable 
outburst of Romanticism on Puritan ground. " It 
was published in September, 1836. Only a few copies 
were sold, and twelve years elapsed before a new edi- 
tion was called for. But it was violently attacked 
by the champions of orthodoxy. Yet Dr. O. W. 
Holmes said Emerson took down men's " idols from 
their pedestals so tenderly that it seemed like an act 
of worship." 

This year was saddened by the death of Charles 
Emerson, whom Ralph Waldo called " his brother, his 
friend, his ornament, his joy, and pride"; he "has 
fallen by the wayside or rather has risen out of this 
dust," he wrote in his journal ; " now commences a 
new and gloomy epoch of my life. . . . Who can 
ever supply his place to me ? " 

Charles Emerson was a born orator, who would have 
conferred on the Republic rare gifts of genius had he 
lived. Emerson's lament for him was one of the most 
touching things he ever wrote. This same year 
Emerson's first child, a boy " of wonderful promise," 
was born, but he lived only five years. 

Within a few years Margaret Fuller and Amos 
Bronson Alcott came to him in Concord ; but Margaret 
Fuller, in spite of her genius and in spite of his admi- 
ration for her genius, always " froze him to silence," 
and he had the same effect on her when they were on 
the point of coming nearer. But for Alcott he had 
the highest pr^e. He called him the most extraor- 
dinary man and the highest genius of his time. This 
admiration lasted till the end of his life. In his later 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. xxvii 

days, when aphasia had so shattered his mind, there 
is a pathetic picture of him talking over the fence 
with Alcott with much of his old-time fluency; but 
in the afternoon Alcott returned and brought back to 
Emerson the philosophic bread that had been cast on 
the waters so abundantly. And Emerson, oblivious to 
the fact that it was his own, dilated with admiration, 
and exclaimed : " What a wonderful mind my friend 
over yonder" — he could not remember his name — 
"has!" 

Thoreau was also one of Emerson's intimates, and 
frequently shared his week-day walks. Yet, curiously 
enough, Emerson objected to printing Thoreau's 
" Winter Walk " in The Dial. Hawthorne lived for 
four years in Concord, occupying the old Manse, but, 
though he was a great walker, he is known to have 
walked with Emerson only once, when they went to- 
gether to visit the Shakers at Lebanon. Emerson 
said of Hawthorne, " Alcott and he together would 
make a man ! " 

Emerson's reading, as might be imagined, was pe- 
culiarly eclectic and erratic. Mr. Cabot says he cared 
nothing for Shelley, Aristophanes, Don Quixote, Miss 
Austen, Dickens, Dante, or French literature. He 
rarely read a novel. But the Neo-Platonists and the 
Sacred Books of the East particularly engaged him, 
and were the inspiration of many of his mystic lines. 

Mr. Cabot says he lived among his books and was 
never comfortable away from them, yet they did not 
enter much into his life. 

In 1836, having finished a course of twelve lectures 



xxviii LIFE OF 

on the " Philosophy of History," he was asked to repeat 
them in various places, though the one on " Religion " 
gave some offence. The substance of these twelve 
lectures afterward was included in his first series of 
"Essays." He still officiated occasionally as a min- 
ister, but the reception of his Phi Beta Kappa 
oration on "The American Scholar, 1 ' given August 
31, 1837, cut the last thread of attachment. Lowell 
said of this : " It was an event without any former 
parallel in our literary annals. . . . What crowded 
and breathless aisles, what windows clustering with 
eager heads, what enthusiasm of approval, what grim 
silence of foregone dissent." Dr. Holmes called that 
oration "Our Intellectual Declaration of Indepen- 
dence." 

In February he relinquished his charge at East 
Lexington, though his wife mourned " to see the fro- 
ward man cutting the last threads that bound him to 
that prized gown and band, the symbols black and 
white of old and distant Judah." 

A still greater shock came from the discourse which 
Emerson delivered in July, 1838, on the graduation 
day of the Divinity School. The Advertiser led in 
a bitter attack on him. Emerson described the stir 
that it made as "a storm in our wash-bowl." But it 
nearly resulted in excluding him from the lyceum as 
well as from the church ; and he felt a little disturbed 
that it had placed him on an undeserved pedestal as a 
champion of heresy. 

But his annual courses of lectures in Boston were 
not less popular. Theodore Parker wrote of the first 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. xxix 

one, given in the early winter of 1839 : It " was splen- 
did — better meditated and more coherent than any 
theory I have ever heard from him. Your eyes were 
not dazzled by a stream of golden atoms of thought 
such as he sometimes shoots forth — though there 
was no lack of these sparklers. 11 

Emerson had at first declined to have editorial con- 
trol of The Dial, but when, after two years of uphill 
struggle, Margaret Fuller relinquished it, he took hold 
most unwillingly and kept it along for two years more 
at some expense of money and much expense of 
worry. It lived till April, 1844. His own known 
contributions numbered not far from fifty. There 
may have been half as many again. 

During three years the question of negro emanci- 
pation was coming to the fore. Emerson was at first 
more interested in having the right of free discussion 
upheld than in the deeper question beyond. In No- 
vember, 1837, he spoke on Slavery in the vestry of 
the Second Church in Concord, but the Abolitionists 
thought his tone was too cool and philosophical ; but 
in 1844 he delivered an address in the Concord court- 
house in celebration of the anniversary of the libera- 
tion of the British West India Island slaves. All of 
the Concord churches refused to open their doors to 
the convention, so Thoreau secured the court-house, 
and is said to have rung the bell himself. And this 
time Emerson 1 s trumpet gave forth no uncertain sound. 
He took a wise and common-sense view about woman 
suffrage, and, though he was not inveigled into any 
of the labor associations, such as Brook Farm and 



xxx LIFE OF 

Fruitlands, in which his enthusiastic friends tried to 
interest him, he was not averse to developing a sim- 
pler and fairer way of living, and he invited the 
Alcotts to come and make common cause with them 
for a year. But Mrs. Alcott was wiser than the rest, 
and prevented the experiment being tried. 

These years were not free from pecuniary anxieties. 
The most he ever received for a course of ten lectures 
before 1847 was $57°- The country lyceums paid 
$10 and expenses. His family was increasing, and 
the town levied heavy taxes on him. His tax-bill for 
1839 was more than $160. So he was constantly in 
debt, and his chief resource was the lecture field, 
though it revolted his nature to sell "good wine of 
Castaly. 11 In 1843 he spent the whole winter away 
from home, lecturing in New York, Baltimore, and 
other places. Moreover, in order to preserve a hold 
on nature, he bought fourteen acres of woodland on 
Lake Walden, and this was a pecuniary burden for 
several years. 

It comes with a sense of relief, like a sea-breeze on 
a sultry day, to read of him taking a vacation from 
that strenuous life of the platform by going to the 
seashore. He wrote his wife : "I read Plato, I swim, 
and be it known unto you, I did verily catch with 
hook and line yesterday morning two haddocks, a 
cod, a flounder, and a pollock, and a perch. . . . The 
sea is great ! " This touch of the sea, " inexact and 
boundless,'' 1 may be detected in the oration which he 
tried to write at Nantasket for delivery at Waterville, 
Me. But " the heat and happiness " of his inspira- 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. xxxi 

tion were extinguished, as he long afterward confessed, 
by the cold reception with which it met. It was either 
at Waterville or in a Vermont town, perhaps both, 
that the minister at the end of the discourse prayed to 
be " delivered from ever again hearing such transcen- 
dental nonsense from the sacred desk.'" Afterward 
he went a number of times to the Adirondacks, where 
some of his sweetest poems were composed. He 
bought a rifle, but never used it. 

Mr. Cabot says that lecturing, after all, was not the 
mode of utterance to which he aspired. Verse was, 
because he could get a larger and freer speech in 
rhyme. Some of his poems had been circulated, a 
few had been printed. And in December, 1843, a 
bookseller proposed to him to furnish a volume of his 
verses. But four years passed before the crucial im- 
pulse came to remedy " the corrigible and reparable 
places in them," and to put them together. " It was 
a small venture," he said. " My poems did not pay. 
My cranberry meadows paid much better." And 
when he made this remark he added, " My poems fell 
dead in England." 

In 1847 he made his second journey to England, 
visited Carlyle for four days, and was amazed at " the 
great and constant stream " of his talk. " Carlyle 
and his wife," he says in a home letter, "live on beau- 
tiful terms." He breakfasted with Rogers, drank tea 
with James Martineau, and found profuse kindness 
and hospitality in Preston, Leicester, Chesterfield 
(where he dined with Stephenson, " the old engineer 
who built the first locomotive"), Birmingham — every- 



xxxii LIFE OF 

where he went. At Edinburgh, where he lectured 
several times, he met all the notables, — " Christopher 
North," David Scott the painter, who made a portrait 
of him, Mrs. Jeffrey, Lord Jeffrey, Thomas De Quincey, 
and many more. 

Still more brilliant was the society he met in Lon- 
don, — Macaulay, Bunsen, Milman, Milnes, Hallam, 
Lord Morpeth, "Barry Cornwall," Lord and Lady 
Ashburton, Thackeray, Disraeli, Lord Palmerston, 
and Tennyson. He was elected a member of the 
Athenaeum Club, where he found some of the best 
men of England. 

In May, 1848, he crossed to Paris and saw some- 
thing of the Revolution and went to the theatre, where 
he heard Rachel. He complained humorously that 
his French was far from being as good as Madame de 
StaeTs. 

He returned to London in June and gave a course 
of lectures, at which he had most aristocratic audi- 
ences and dined with great lords and brilliant authors. 
But the pecuniary returns were smaller than he had 
reason to expect. For the Marylebone course of six 
he got only £%o instead of ^200. 

On his return to America he made the larger part 
of his income by lecturing. But he looked on the 
whole business as rather unseemly. He thought that 
it was a pity to drive young America to lecture, and 
as to the lecturer, he said that the " dragging of a de- 
corous old gentleman out of home was tantamount to 
a bet of $50 a day that he would not leave his library 
and wade, and freeze, and ride, and run, and suffer 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. xxxiii 

all manner of indignities, and stand up for an hour 
each night reading in a hall." 

But he did it, and his pictures of travel in the West 
in the pre-Pullman days are like the stories of the 
martyrs. Here we find him sleeping on the floor of a 
canal-boat, where the cushion allowed him for a bed 
was crossed at the knees by another tier of sleepers 
as long-limbed as he, " so that in the air was a wreath 
of legs " ; again occupying a cabin, though in company 
with governors and legislators, and a cold of minus 
fifteen degrees. Again, flying through the forests of 
Michigan in company with college professors and 
wolverines. And again, ferried across the Mississippi 
in a skiff, where " much of the rowing was on the sur- 
face of fixed ice, in fault of running water." 

In 1849 Emerson's separate addresses and "Nature" 
were published in one volume, and the next year came 
" Representative Men." 

That year, 1850, also brought with it the Fugitive 
Slave Law, and Emerson's voice was lifted nobly 
against it. He here made a magnificent attack on 
Daniel Webster, for whose genius he had such an ad- 
miration as " the best and proudest, the first man of 
the North." He believed in confining slavery to the 
slave states, and then gradually and effectually making 
an end of it. He called on " the thirty nations " to do 
something besides ditching and draining. Said he, 
" Let them confront this mountain of poison and 
shovel it once for all down into the bottomless pit. A 
thousand millions were cheap ! " 

History proved the truth of his prophetic words. 



xxxiv LIFE OF 

At Cambridge he repeated the words containing these 
wise counsels, but was so interrupted by hisses and 
cat-calls that he could not go on. The college 
authorities, like the clergy and merchants, were gener- 
ally Southern in sentiment. 

When John Brown was in prison under sentence of 
death Emerson had the courage to call him " that new 
saint, than whom none purer or more brave was ever 
led by love of men into conflict and death — the new 
saint awaiting his martyrdom.'' 1 His attitude on that 
burning question of the day militated against his 
success as a lecturer. Invitations to speak were 
withdrawn, and in 1861 at the meeting of the Massa- 
chusetts Anti-Slavery Society ;t the mob roared " 
whenever he tried to speak, and he had to withdraw. 
That was in his native Boston ! The war also brought 
poverty pretty close to Emerson as to so many others. 
His books did not sell, his income from lecturing al- 
most ceased, his real estate was unproductive, and he 
found himself struggling with the problem, how to pay 
three or four hundred dollars 1 worth of debts with fifty. 

On January 1, 1863, when Lincoln's Emancipation 
Proclamation went into effect, a Jubilee Concert was 
given at the Music Hall, and Emerson read his " Boston 
Hymn." The time which he gave himself for its com- 
position was so short that he was in despair, lest he 
should not be able to do anything worthy of the oc- 
casion. But the inspiration flowed and a new treas- 
ure was added to English literature. 

That same evening a gathering of the faithful took 
place at the house of Major George L. Stearns, at 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON, xxxv 

Medford, who perhaps did more than any man in 
Massachusetts to help along the cause of emancipa- 
tion, who spent money like water, and himself raised 
the first two regiments of colored troops. Mrs. 
Stearns, who, with intellect as keen as ever, still lives 
to speak eloquently of those great days, thus tells the 
story of that epic gathering. 

" Mr. Emerson was persuaded to repeat his poem, 
the i Boston Hymn,' the original manuscript of which 
the Rev. Samuel Longfellow promptly begged of the 
author. 

" It was a brilliant assembly, filled with exultation 
over the decree of emancipation which had been wired 
from Washington. The certainty of this great measure 
Wendell Phillips had announced as he entered the 
drawing-room. Instinctively the company burst into 
the John Brown song, greeting the liewly unveiled 
bust of the martyr of freedom, which the sculptor 
J. Q. A. Brackett had just made. 

" It was past midnight when the guests departed, 
every heart glowing with the sublime event, rejoicing 
with a mighty joy that deliverance from slavery at last 
had come.'" 

Then occurred one of those charming little episodes 
so characteristic of Emerson's thoughtfulness and sim- 
plicity. Mrs. Stearns thus relates it : — 

" Mr. Emerson and his friend, Mr. Alcott, remained 
overnight. 

" When the hostess asked Mr. Emerson his prefer- 
ence of sleeping rooms, he said, i Let Mr. Alcott 
and myself have the same room, then Vesta will 



xxxvi LIFE OF 

have only one instead of two beds to make in the 
morning. 1 " 

Another characteristic anecdote of the same kind 
may be related here, also from Mrs. Stearns's recol- 
lections : — 

" On one occasion, after we had been visiting the 
Emersons, when we were preparing to drive home, 
the evening being rather chilly, for it was autumn, 
Mr. Emerson brought his overcoat from the hall, and, 
holding it up by the collar, said, ' I am always a little 
suspicious of the warmth of ladies' garments, the 
evening is cool, and the drive is one of seventeen 
miles ; it will oblige me, Mrs. Stearns, if you will put 
on this overcoat, and wear it home. It can be rec- 
ommended for warmth if not for elegance.'' 

" It was beautiful hospitality and consideration, but 
I instinctively drew back, saying : — 

" ' Oh, Mr. Emerson, how can I dare to wear the 
Lion's Skin ! ' " 

He could only be persuaded to withdraw the over- 
coat by being assured that sufficient wraps were stowed 
away in the carriage. "I have regretted," says Mrs. 
Stearns, " the modest scruples that hindered the wear- 
ing of the Poet's Coat, just for once." 

In 1863 he was appointed one of the visitors to 
West Point, where John Burroughs, seeing him, took 
him to be "an inquisitive farmer." In 1866 he was 
granted the degree of Doctor of Laws by Harvard 
and elected one of the overseers. The following year 
he was orator for the <3>. B. K. Society — "not now," 
says Mr. Cabot, " as a promising young beginner from 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. xxxvii 

whom a fair poetical speech might be expected, but as 
the foremost man pf letters of New England." 

It was at this time rumored that he was drifting 
back from heretical to more conventional opinions in 
religious matters ; and it is stated on good authority 
that, when it was proposed to dispense with compul- 
sory prayers at Harvard, Emerson's vote prevented 
the innovation from prevailing. But he authorized 
his son to announce that he had not retracted any of 
his views. 

Three years later he was gratified to be invited to 
give a course of university lectures in Cambridge, 
and for this he prepared his sketches of " The Natural 
History of the Intellect," but he was not satisfied with 
his attempt to make a system of philosophy. The 
fruit of Emerson's intellect was not cohesive, but 
granular, and his thoughts are not easily moulded into 
a consecutive logical form. Hence it was possible for 
him to begin a lecture or end it anywhere. In his 
latter days I remember hearing him read a paper 
before the Radical Club. Every little while he would 
stop, saying he had gone far enough. But the audi- 
ence and his daughter would persuade him to con- 
tinue. But when he finally paused, the subject had 
been neither begun nor exhausted. His mind was 
like a carbon point ; when the electricity was turned 
on, it gave out light, and it was always ready to shine. 

He repeated his Cambridge course the next year, 
but felt that he had not succeeded as he had hoped to 
do. In a letter to Carlyle he called it "a doleful 
ordeal," and when it was concluded, accepted with 



xxxviii LIFE OF 

alacrity an invitation to visit California on a six weeks 1 
trip with near friends and in the most delightful 
circumstances. 

After 1870 the decay of his mental powers, particu- 
larly of his memory, was very noticeable. He spoke 
of himself as "a man who had lost his wits." His 
last effort of composition was an introduction to 
Plutarch's "Morals 1 ' edited by Professor Goodwin. 
He compared it carefully with the original Greek, 
which he was able to read. 

In July, 1872, he had just returned from Amherst, 
where he had delivered an address, when he dis- 
covered that his house was on fire. The neighbors 
rushed to his aid and succeeded in saving the books, 
manuscript, and furniture ; but the house was ruined 
by fire and water, and Emerson himself contracted 
a feverish attack from exposure to the dampness. 

Friends rushed to his aid in even more substantial 
ways. Mr. Francis Cabot Lowell brought him an 
envelope containing $5000. Nearly $12,000 more 
were contributed to rebuild the house, and while the 
work was in progress he was persuaded to make 
another journey abroad, to visit London, Italy, and 
Egypt. He saw Carlyle once more and dined with 
the Khedive. He and his daughter went up the Nile 
to Philae, but on the whole he was disappointed with 
the sacred land : " the people despise us," he wrote, 
" because we are helpless babies who cannot speak 
or understand a word they say ; the sphynxes scorn 
dunces ; the obelisks, the temple-walls, defy us with 
their histories which we cannot spell." 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON, xxxix 

The journey did him good, however, and on his re- 
turn to Italy he began to work on a new edition of his 
poems. In Paris he saw Renan, Taine, Turgenief, 
and James Russell Lowell ; in England he declined all 
invitations but one to speak, but he breakfasted with 
Gladstone, and saw Browning and many other nota- 
bles. 

When he reached home in May he was surprised 
and touched by the spontaneous welcome of his 
townspeople. The church bells rang, the whole 
town assembled — babies and all — and he was es- 
corted with music to his new house, where a trium- 
phal arch had been erected. He found his study 
unchanged, but many improvements had been intro- 
duced in the restoration of the house. 

The following year his anthology of collected poems, 
" Parnassus," was published, and he was asked to be 
one of the candidates for the lord rectorship of Glas- 
gow University. For this he received five hundred 
votes. Disraeli was elected, however. 

In March, 1875, he went to lecture in Philadelphia, 
and had a delightful visit with his old friends, Dr. 
Furness and Samuel Bradford. The next month he 
made a little speech at the unveiling of Mr. Daniel C. 
French's " Minute Man," and this is believed to be the 
last piece written out with his own hand. After this 
time Mr. James Eliot Cabot served as his literary 
guide, shaping his lectures, and combining them, and 
helping him to arrange for the complete edition of his 
works. 

Still occasionally reading from his lectures, still en- 



xl LIFE OF 

joying the serene calm of old age, where even his infirm- 
ity of memory may have made it all the serener, free 
from all worriment, he lived on till the spring of 1882, 
when he died of pneumonia on the 27th of April, at 
the very end of his seventy-eighth year. 

One could fill many pages with testimonials of the 
influence of Emerson with contemporary descriptions 
of the man and his beneficent life. 

Henry Crabbe Robinson declared that he had one 
of the most interesting countenances that he had ever 
beheld — a quite disarming combination of intelligence 
and sweetness. N. P. Willis grew enthusiastic over 
the voice, which he said was the utterance of his soul 
only, and his soul had sprung to the adult stature of 
a child of the universe. 

Dr. Holmes said : " He was always courteous and 
bland to a remarkable degree ; his smile was the well- 
remembered line of Terence written out in living 
features." No one who ever heard him speak will 
forget the play of his features, the lighting up of his 
eyes with a rapt inner illumination, the emphatic 
stamp of his foot when some weighty thought re- 
quired enforcement. He was one of the great souls 
of the century, and his works will be for all time a 
source of inspiration to young and old. They are 
indeed a mine of thought, all the more valuable, per- 
haps, that they are not welded into a system. 

Many enthusiasts consider him to have been the 
greatest poet America has yet produced. Technically 
this thesis can never be supported. His disdain of 
mere form led him to produce verses which read with 



RALPH WALDO EMERSON. xli 

heaviness and halting, but the beauty of the thought 
atones for missing symmetry and freshness of rhyme, 
and Emerson as a poet will always have an audience 
of admirers and some worshippers, oblivious of his 
verse's fault. Once when some one praised his poetry 
Emerson interrupted, " You forget ; we are damned 
for poetry." And he wrote to Carlyle that he was 
" not a poet, but a lover of poetry and poets " — a sort 
of harbinger of the poets to come. 

Emerson's influence was always exerted in the line 
of the loftiest aspirations. Consequently he will 
always be dear»to thinkers and to poets, and an in- 
spiration to the young. His whole life, however 
closely examined, shows no flaw of temper or of foi- 
ble. It was serene and lovely to the end. 

NATHAN HASKELL DOLE. 



POEMS. 



THE SPHYNX. 

The Sphynx is drowsy, 

Her wings are furled, 

Her ear is heavy, 

She broods on the world. — 

"Who'll tell me my secret 

The ages have kept? 

— I awaited the seer, 

While they slumbered and slept;- 

The fate of the manchild, 
The meaning of man; 
Known fruit of the unknown, 
Daedalian plan; 
Out of sleeping a waking, 
Out of waking a sleep, 
Life death overtaking, 
Deep underneath deep. 
1 



THE S PHY NX. 

Erect as a sunbeam 
Upspringeth the palm; 
The elephant browses 
Undaunted and calm; 
In beautiful motion 
The thrush plies his wings; 
Kind leaves of his covert! 
Your silence he sings. 

The waves unashamed 
In difference sweet, 
Play glad with the breezes, 
Old playfellows meet. 
The journeying atoms, 
Primordial wholes, 
Firmly draw, firmly drive, 
By their animate poles. 

Sea, earth, air, sound, silence, 

Plant, quadruped, bird, 

By one music enchanted, 

One deity stirred, 

Each the other adorning, 

Accompany still; 



THE SPHYNX. 

Night veileth the morning, 
The vapor the hill. 

The babe by its mother 
Lies bathed in joy, 
Glide its hours uncounted, 
The sun is its toy; 
Shines the peace of all being 
Without cloud in its eyes, 
And the sum of the world 
In soft miniature lies. 

But man crouches and blushes, 
Absconds and conceals, 
He creepeth and peepeth, 
He palters and steals; 
Infirm, melancholy, 
Jealous glancing around, 
An oaf, an accomplice, 
He poisons the ground. 

Out spoke the great mother 
Beholding his fear, 
At the sound of her accents 
Cold shuddered the sphere; — 



THE SPHYNX, 

Who has drugged my boy's cup, 
Who has mixed my boy's bread? 
Who with sadness and madness 
Has turned the manchild's head?"- 

I heard a poet answer 

Aloud and cheerfully, 

"Say on, sweet wSphynx! thy dirges 

Are pleasant songs to me. 

Deep love lieth under 

These pictures of time, 

They fade in the light of 

Their meaning sublime. 

The fiend that man harries, 
Is love of the Best; 
Yawns the Pit of the Dragon 
Lit by rays from the Blest. 
The Lethe of Nature 
Can't trance him again, 
Whose soul sees the Perfect, 
Which his eyes seek in vain. 

Profounder, profounder, 
Man's spirit must dive; 



THE SPHYNX. 

To his aye-rolling orbit 

No goal will arrive. 

The % heavens that draw him 

With sweetness untold, 

Once found, — for new heavens 

He spurneth the old. 

Pride ruined the angels, 
Their shame them restores, 
And the joy that is sweetest 
Lurks in stings of remorse. 
Have I a lover 
Who is noble and free, — 
I would he were nobler 
Than to love me. 

Eterne alternation 
Now follows, now flies, 
And under pain, pleasure, 
Under pleasure, pain lies. 
Love works at the centre, 
Heart-heaving alway; 
Forth speed the strong pulses 
To the borders of day. 



THE SPHYNX. 

Dull Sphynx, Jove keep thy five wits! 

Thy sight is growing blear, 

Rue, myrrh, and cummin for the Sphynx, 

Her muddy eyes to clear." 

The old Sphynx bit her thick lip, — 

"Who taught thee me to name? 

I am thy spirit, yoke-fellow! 

Of thine eye I am eyebeam. 

Thou art the unanswered question; 
Couldst see thy proper eye, 
Alway it asketh, asketh, 
And each answer is a lie. 
So take thy quest through nature, 
It through thousand natures ply, 
Ask on, thou clothed eternity, — 
Time is the false reply." 

Uprose the merry Sphynx, 

And crouched no more in stone, 

She melted into purple cloud, 

She silvered in the moon, 

She spired into a yellow flame, 

She flowered in blossoms red, 



THE SPHYNX. 

She flowed into a foaming wave, 
She stood Monadnoc's head. 

Thorough a thousand voices 
Spoke the universal dame, 
"Who telleth one of my meanings, 
Is master of all I am." 



EACH AND ALL. 

Little thinks, in the field, yon red-cloaked 

clown, 
Of thee, from the hill-top looking down; 
And the heifer, that lows in the upland farm, 
Far-heard, lows not thine ear to charm; 
The sexton tolling the bell at noon, 
Dreams not that great Napoleon 
Stops his horse, and lists with delight, 
Whilst his files sweep round yon Alpine height; 
Nor knowest thou what argument 
Thy life to thy neighbor's creed has lent: 
All are needed by each one, 
Nothing is fair or good alone. 

I thought the sparrow's note from heaven, 
Singing at dawn on the alder bough; 
I brought him home in his nest at even; — 
He sings the song, but it pleases not now; 
For I did not bring home the river and sky; 
He sang to my ear; they sang to my eye. 
8 



EACH AND ALL. 9 

The delicate shells lay on the shore; 
The bubbles of the latest wave 
Fresh pearls to their enamel gave; 
And the bellowing of the savage sea 
Greeted their safe escape to me; 
I wiped away the weeds and foam, 
And fetched my sea-born treasures home; 
But the poor, unsightly, noisome things 
Had left their beauty on the shore 
With the sun, and the sand, and the wild 
uproar. 

The lover watched his graceful maid 

As 'mid the virgin train she strayed, 

Nor knew her beauty's best attire 

Was woven still by the snow-white quire; 

At last she came to his hermitage, 

Like the bird from the woodlands to the 

cage, — 
The gay enchantment was undone, 
A gentle wife, but fairy none. 

Then I said, "I covet Truth; 

Beauty is unripe childhood's cheat, — 



10 EACH AND ALL. 

I leave it behind with the games of youth." 

As I spoke, beneath my feet 

The ground-pine curled its pretty wreath, 

Running over the club-moss burrs; 

I inhaled the violet's breath; 

Around me stood the oaks and firs; 

Pine cones and acorns lay on the ground; 

Above me soared the eternal sky, 

Full of light and deity; 

Again I saw, again I heard, 

The rolling river, the morning bird; — > 

Beauty through my senses stole, 

I yielded myself to the perfect whole. 



THE PROBLEM. 

I like a church, I like a cowl, 
I love a prophet of the soul, 
And on my heart monastic aisles 
Fall like sweet strains or pensive smiles; 
Yet not for all his faith can see, 
Would I that cowled churchman be. 
Why should the vest on him allure, 
Which I could not on me endure? 

Not from a vain or shallow thought 
His awful Jove young Phidias brought; 
Never from lips of cunning fell 
The thrilling Delphic oracle; 
Out from the heart of nature rolled 
The burdens of the Bible old; 
The litanies of nations came, 
Like the volcano's tongue of flame, 
Up from the burning core below, 
The canticles of love and woe. 
11 



12 THE PROBLEM. 

The hand that rounded Peter's dome, 

And groined the aisles of Christian Rome, 

Wrought in a sad sincerity, 

Himself from God he could not free; 

He builded better than he knew, 

The conscious stone to beauty grew. 

Know' st thou what wove yon woodbird's 

nest 
Of leaves and feathers from her breast; 
Or how the fish outbuilt its shell, 
Painting with morn each annual cell; 
Or how the sacred pine tree adds 
To her old leaves new myriads? 
Such and so grew these holy piles, 
Whilst love and terror laid the tiles. 
Earth proudly wears the Parthenon 
As the best gem upon her zone; 
And Morning opes with haste her lids 
To gaze upon the Pyramids; 
O'er England's abbeys bends the sky 
As on its friends with kindred eye; 
For out of Thought's interior sphere 
These wonders rose to upper air, 



THE PROBLEM. 13 

And nature gladly gave them place, 
Adopted them into her race, 
And granted them an equal date 
With Andes and with Ararat. 

These temples grew as grows the grass, 

Art might obey but not surpass. 

The passive Master lent his hand 

To the vast soul that o'er him planned, 

And the same power that reared the shrine, 

Bestrode the tribes that knelt within. 

Even the fiery Pentecost 

Girds with one flame the Countless host, 

Trances the heart through chanting quires, 

And through the priest the mind inspires. 

The word unto the prophet spoken 
Was writ on tables yet unbroken; 
The word by seers or sibyls told 
In groves of oak, or fanes of gold, 
Still floats upon the morning wind, 
Still whispers to the willing mind. 
One accent of the Holy Ghost 
The heedless world hath never lost. 



14 THE PROBLEM. 

I know what say the Fathers wise, 
The Book itself before me lies, 
Old Chrysostom, best Augustine, 
And he who blent both in his line, 
The younger Golden-lips or mines, 
Taylor, the Shakspeare of divines, 
His words are music in my ear, 
I see his cowled portrait dear, 
And yet for all his faith could see, 
I would not the good bishop be. 



TO RHEA. 

Thee, dear friend, a brother soothes, 

Not with flatteries, but truths, 

Which tarnish not, but purify 

To light which dims the morning's eye. 

I have come from the spring-woods, 

From the fragrant solitudes; 

Listen what the poplar tree, 

And murmuring waters counselled me. 

If with love thy heart has burned, 
If thy love is unreturned, 
Hide thy grief within thy breast, 
Though it tear thee unexpressed. 
For, when love has once departed 
From the eyes of the false-hearted, 
And one by one has torn off quite 
The bandages of purple light, 
Though thou wert the loveliest 
Form the Soul had ever drest, 
15 



16 TO RHEA. 

Thou shalt seem in each reply 

A vixen to his altered eye; 

Thy softest pleadings seem too bold, 

Thy praying lute shall seem to scold. 

Though thou kept the straightest road, 

Yet thou errest far and broad. 



But thou shalt do as do the gods 
In their cloudless periods: 
For of this lore be thou sure, 
Though thou forget, the gods secure 
Forget never their command, 
But make the statute of this land : 
As they lead, so follow all, 
Ever have done, ever shall. 
Warning to the blind and deaf, 
'Tis written on the iron leaf, 
Who d?inks of Cupid 1 s nectar cup 
Love tli downward and not up ; 
Therefore who loves, of gods or men, 
Shall not by the same be loved again; 
His sweetheart's idolatry 
Falls in turn a new degree. 






TO RHEA. 17 

When a god is once beguiled 

By beauty of a mortal child, 

And by her radiant youth delighted, 

He is not fooled, but warily knoweth, 

His love shall never be requited; 

And thus the wise Immortal doeth. 

'Tis his study and delight 

To bless that creature, day and night, 

From all evils to defend her, 

In her lap to pour all splendor, 

To ransack earth for riches rare, 

And fetch her stars to deck her hair; 

He mixes music with her thoughts, 

And saddens her with heavenly doubts; 

All grace, all good his great heart knows, 

Profuse in love the king bestows, 

Saying, Hearken, Earth! Sea! Air! 

This monument of my despair 

Build I to the All-Good, All-Fair. 

Not for a private good, 

But I from my beatitude, 

Albeit scorned as none was scorned, 

Adorn her as was none adorned. 

I make this maiden an ensample 



18 TO RHEA. 

To nature through her kingdoms ample, 

Whereby to model newer races, 

Statelier forms, and fairer faces, 

To carry man to new degrees 

Of power, and of comeliness. 

These presents be the hostages 

Which I pawn for my release; 

See to thyself, O universe ! 

Thou art better and not worse. — 

And the god having given all, 

Is freed forever from his thrall. 



THE VISIT. 

Askest, "How long thou shalt stay?" 
Devastator of the day! 
Know, each substance and relation 
Thorough nature's operation, 
Hath its unit, bound, and metre, 
And every new compound 
Is some product and repeater, 
Product of the early found. 
But the unit of the visit, 
The encounter of the wise, 
Say what other metre is it 
Than the meeting of the eyes? 
Nature poureth into nature 
Through the channels of that feature. 
Riding on the ray of Sight, 
More fleet than waves or whirlwinds go, 
Or for service or delight, 
Hearts to hearts their meaning show, 
19 



20 THE VISIT. 

Sum their long experience, 

And import intelligence. 

Single look has drained the breast, 

Single moment years confessed. 

The duration of a glance 

Is the term of convenance, 

And, though thy rede be church or state, 

Frugal multiples of that. 

Speeding Saturn cannot halt; 

Linger, — thou shalt rue the fault, 

If Love his moment overstay, 

Hatred's swift repulsions play. 



URIEL. 

It fell in the ancient periods 
Which the brooding soul surveys, 
Or ever the wild Time coined itself 
Into calendar months and days. 

This was the lapse of Uriel, 
Which in Paradise befell. 
Once among the Pleiads walking, 
Said overheard the young gods talking, 
And the treason too long pent 
To his ears was evident. 
The young deities discussed 
Laws of form and metre just, 
Orb, quintessence, and sunbeams, 
What subsisteth, and what seems. 
One, with low tones that decide, 
And doubt and reverend use defied, 
With a look that solved the sphere, 
And stirred the devils everywhere, 
21 



22 URIEL 

Gave his sentiment divine 

Against the being of a line: 

"Line in nature is not found, 

Unit and universe are round; 

In vain produced, all rays return, 

Evil will bless, and ice will burn." 

As Uriel spoke with piercing eye, 

A shudder ran around the sky; 

The stern old war-gods shook their heads, 

The seraphs frowned from myrtle-beds; 

Seemed to the holy festival, 

The rash word boded ill to all; 

The balance-beam of Fate was bent; 

The bonds of good and ill were rent; 

Strong Hades could not keep his own, 

But all slid to confusion. 

A sad self-knowledge withering fell 

On the beauty of Uriel. 

In heaven once eminent, the god 

Withdrew that hour into his cloud, 

Whether doomed to long gyration 

In the sea of generation, 

Or by knowledge grown too bright 



URIEL 23 

To hit the nerve of feebler sight. 

Straightway a forgetting wind 

Stole over the celestial kind, 

And their lips the secret kept, 

If in ashes the fibre-seed slept. 

But now and then truth-speaking things 

Shamed the angels' veiling wings, 

And, shrilling from the solar course, 

Or from fruit of chemic force, 

Procession of a soul in matter, 

Or the speeding change of water, 

Or out of the good of evil born, 

Came Uriel's voice of cherub scorn; 

And a blush tinged the upper sky, 

And the gods shook, they knew not why. 



THE WORLD-SOUL. 

Thanks to the morning light, 

Thanks to the seething sea, 

To the uplands of New Hampshire, 

To the green-haired forest free; 

Thanks to each man of courage, 

To the maids of holy mind, 

To the boy with his games undaunted, 

Who never looks behind. 

Cities of proud hotels, 

Houses of rich and great, 

Vice nestles in your chambers, 

Beneath your roofs of slate. 

It cannot conquer folly, 

Time-and-space-conquering steam, — 

And the light-outspeeding telegraph 

Bears nothing on its beam. 

The politics are base, 
The letters do not cheer, 
24 






THE WORLD-SOUL. 25 

And 'tis far in the deeps of history — 
The voice that speaketh clear. 
Trade and the streets ensnare us, 
Our bodies are weak and worn, 
We plot and corrupt each other, 
And we despoil the unborn. 

Yet there in the parlor sits 
Some figure of noble guise, 
Our angel in a stranger's form, 
Or woman's pleading eyes; 
Or only a flashing sunbeam 
In at the window pane; 
Or music pours on mortals 
Its beautiful disdain. 

The inevitable morning 
Finds them who in cellars be, 
And be sure the all-loving Nature 
Will smile in a factory. 
Yon ridge of purple landscape, 
Yon sky between the walls, 
Hold all the hidden wonders 
In scanty intervals. 



26 THE WORLD-SOUL 

Alas, the sprite that haunts us 
Deceives our rash desire, 
It whispers of the glorious gods, 
And leaves us in the mire: 
We cannot learn the cipher 
That's writ upon our cell, 
Stars help us by a mystery 
Which we could never spell. 

If but one hero knew it, 
The world would blush in flame, 
The sage, till he hit the secret, 
Would hang his head for shame. 
But our brothers have not read it, 
Not one has found the key, 
And henceforth we are comforted, 
We are but such as they. 

Still, still the secret presses, 
The nearing clouds draw down, 
The crimson morning flames into 
The fopperies of the town. 
Within, without, the idle earth 
Stars weave eternal rings, 






THE WORLD-SOUL 27 

The sun himself shines heartily, 
And shares the joy he brings. 

And what if trade sow cities 

Like shells along the shore, 

And thatch with towns the prairie broad 

With railways ironed o'er; — 

They are but sailing foambells 

Along Thought's causing stream, 

And take their shape and Sun-color 

From him that sends the dream. 

For destiny does not like 

To yield to men the helm, 

And shoots his thought by hidden nerves 

Throughout the solid realm. 

The patient Daemon sits 

With roses and a shroud, 

He has his way, and deals his gifts — 

But ours is not allowed. 

He is no churl or trifler, 
And his viceroy is none, 
Love-without-weakness, 
Of genius sire and son; 



28 THE WORLD-SOUL. 

And his will is not thwarted, — ■ 
The seeds of land and sea 
Are the atoms of his body bright, 
And his behest obey. 

He serveth the servant, 

The brave he loves amain, 

He kills the cripple and the sick, 

And straight begins again; 

For gods delight in gods, 

And thrust the weak aside; 

To him who scorns their charities* 

Their arms fly open wide. 

When the old world is sterile, 

And the ages are effete, 

He will from wrecks and sediment 

The fairer world complete. 

He forbids to despair, 

His cheeks mantle with mirth, 

And the unimagined good of men 

Is yeaning at the birth. 

Spring still makes spring in the mind, 
When sixty years are told; 






THE WORLD-SOUL. 29 

Love wakes anew this throbbing heart, 

And we are never old. 

Over the winter glaciers, 

I see the summer glow, 

And through the wild-piled snowdrift 

The warm rose buds below. 



ALPHONSO OF CASTILE. 

I Alphonso live and learn, 
Seeing nature go astern. 
Things deteriorate in kind, 
Lemons run to leaves and rind, 
Meagre crop of figs and limes, 
Shorter days and harder times. 
Flowering April cools and dies 
In the insufficient skies; 
Imps at high Midsummer blot 
Half the sun's disk with a spot; 
'Twill not now avail to tan 
Orange cheek, or skin of man: 
Roses bleach, the goats are dry, 
Lisbon quakes, the people cry. 
Yon pale scrawny fisher fools, 
Gaunt as bitterns in the pools, 
Are no brothers of my blood, — 
They discredit Adamhood. 



ALPHONSO OF CASTILE. 31 

Eyes of gods! ye must have seen, 
O'er your ramparts as ye lean, 
The general debility, 
Of genius the sterility, 
Mighty projects countermanded, 
Rash ambition broken-handed, 
Puny man and scentless rose 
Tormenting Pan to double the dose. 
Rebuild or ruin: either fill 
Of vital force the wasted rill, 
Or, tumble all again in heap 
To weltering chaos, and to sleep. 



Say, Seigneurs, are the old Niles dry, 
Which fed the veins of earth and sky, 
That mortals miss the loyal heats 
Which drove them erst to social feats, 
Now to a savage selfness grown, 
Think nature barely serves for one; 
With science poorly mask their hurt, 
And vex the gods with question pert, 
Immensely curious whether you 
Still are rulers, or Mildew. 



32 ALPHONSO OF CASTILE. 

Masters, I'm in pain with you; 
Masters, I'll be plain with you. 
In my palace of Castile, 
I, a king, for kings can feel; 
There my thoughts the matter roll, 
And solve and oft resolve the whole, 
And, for I'm styled Alphonse the Wise, 
Ye shall not fail for sound advice, 
Before ye want a drop of rain, 
Hear the sentiment of Spain. 



You have tried famine: no more try it; 

Ply us now with a full diet; 

Teach your pupils now with plenty, 

For one sun supply us twenty: 

I have thought it thoroughly over, 

State of hermit, state of lover; 

We must have society, 

We cannot spare variety. 

Hear you, then, celestial fellows! 

Fits not to be over zealous; 

Steads not to work on the clean jump, 

Nor wine nor brains perpetual pump; 



ALPHONSO OF CASTILE. 33 

Men and gods are too extense, — 

Could you slacken and condense? 

Your rank overgrowths reduce, 

Till your kinds abound with juice; 

Earth crowded cries, "Too many men," — 

My counsel is, Kill nine in ten, 

And bestow the shares of all 

On the remnant decimal. 

Add their nine lives to this cat; 

Stuff their nine brains in his hat; 

Make his frame and forces square 

With the labors he must dare; 

Thatch his flesh, and even his years 

With the marble which he rears; 

There growing slowly old at ease, 

No faster than his planted trees, 

He may, by warrant of his age, 

In schemes of broader scope engage: 

So shall ye have a man of the sphere, 

Fit to grace the solar year. 



MITHRIDATES. 

I cannot spare water or wine, 
Tobacco-leaf, or poppy, or rose; 
From the earth-poles to the Line, 
All between that works or grows, 
Every thing is kin of mine. 

Give me agates for my meat, 
Give me cantharids to eat, 
From air and ocean bring me foods, 
From all zones and altitudes. 

From all natures, sharp and slimy, 
Salt and basalt, wild and tame, 
Tree, and lichen, ape, sea-lion, 
Bird and reptile be my game. 

Ivy for my fillet band, 
Blinding dogwood in my hand, 
34 



MITHRIDATES. 35 

Hemlock for my sherbet cull me, 
And the prussic juice to lull me, 
Swing me in the upas boughs, 
Vampire-fanned, when I carouse. 

Too long shut in strait and few, 

Thinly dieted on dew, 

I will use the world, and sift it, 

To a thousand humors shift it, 

As you spin a cherry. 

O doleful ghosts, and goblins merry, 

O all you virtues, methods, mights; 

Means, appliances, delights; 

Reputed wrongs, and braggart rights; 

Smug routine, and things allowed; 

Minorities, things under cloud! 

Hither! take me, use me, fill me, 

Vein and artery, though ye kill me; 

God! I will not be an owl, 

But sun me in the Capitol. 



TO J. W. 

Set not thy foot on graves; 

Hear what wine and roses say; 

The mountain chase, the summer waves, 

The crowded town, thy feet may well delay. 

Set not thy foot on graves; 

Nor seek to unwind the shroud 

Which charitable time 

And nature have allowed 

To wrap the errors of a sage sublime. 

Set not thy foot on graves; 
Care not to strip the dead 
Of his sad ornament; 
His myrrh, and wine, and rings, 
His sheet of lead, 
And trophies buried; 

Go get them where he earned them when alive, 
As resolutely dig or dive. 
36 



TO J. IV. 37 

Life is too short to waste 
The critic bite or cynic bark, 
Quarrel, or reprimand; 
'Twill soon be dark; 
Up! mind thine own aim, and 
God speed the mark. 



FATE. 

That you are fair or wise is vain, 
Or strong, or rich, or generous; 
You must have also the untaught strain 
That sheds beauty on the rose. 
There is a melody born of melody, 
Which melts the world into a sea. 
Toil could never compass it, 
Art its height could never hit, 
It came never out of wit, 
But a music music-born 
Well may Jove and Juno scorn. 
Thy beauty, if it lack the fire 
W r hich drives me mad with sweet desire, 
What boots it? what the soldier's mail, 
Unless he conquer and prevail? 
What all the goods thy pride which lift, 
If thou pine for another's gift? 
Alas! that one is born in blight, 
Victim of perpetual slight; — 
38 



FATE. 39 

When thou lookest in his face, 

Thy heart saith, Brother! go thy ways! 

None shall ask thee what thou doest, 

Or care a rush for what thou knowest, 

Or listen when thou repliest, 

Or remember where thou liest, 

Or how thy supper is sodden, — 

And another is born 

To make the sun forgotten. 

Surely he carries a talisman 

Under his tongue; 

Broad are his shoulders, and strong, 

And his eye is scornful, 

Threatening, and young. 

I hold it of little matter, 

Whether your jewel be of pure water, 

A rose diamond or a white, — 

But whether it dazzle me with light. 

I care not how you are drest, 

In the coarsest, or in the best, 

Nor whether your name is base or brave, 

Nor for the fashion of your behavior, — 

But whether you charm me, 

Bid my bread feed, and my fire warm me, 



40 FATE. 

And dress up nature in your favor. 

One thing is forever good, 

That one thing is success, — 

Dear to the Eumenides, 

And to all the heavenly brood. 

Who bides at home, nor looks abroad, 

Carries the eagles, and masters the sword. 



GUY. 

Mortal mixed of middle clay, 
Attempered to the night and day, 
Interchangeable with things, 
Needs no amulets nor rings. 

Guy possessed the talisman 
That all things from him began, 
And as, of old, Polycrates 
Chained the sunshine and the breeze, 
So did Guy betimes discover 
Fortune was his guard and lover; 
In strange junctures, felt with awe 
His own symmetry with law, 
That no mixture could withstand 
The virtue of his lucky hand. 
He gold or jewel could not lose, 
Nor not receive his ample dues; 
In the street, if he turned round, 
His eye the eye 'twas seeking found. 
It seemed his Genius discreet 
Worked on the Maker's own receipt, 
41 



42 GUY. 

And made each tide and element 
Stewards of stipend and of rent; 
So that the common waters fell 
As costly wine into his well. 
He had so sped his wise affairs 
That he caught nature in his snares; 
Early or late, the. falling rain 
Arrived in time to swell his grain; 
Stream could not so perversely wind, 
But corn of Guy's was there to grind; 
The whirlwind found it on its way 
To speed his sails, to dry his hay; 
And the world's sun seemed to rise 
To drudge all day for Guy the wise. 
In his rich nurseries, timely skill 
Strong crab with nobler blood did fill; 
The Zephyr in his garden rolled 
From plum trees vegetable gold; 
And all the hours of the year 
With their own harvest hovered were: 
There was no frost but welcome came, 
Nor freshet, nor midsummer flame; 
Belonged to wind and world the toil 
And venture, and to Guy the oil. 



TACT. 

What boots it, thy virtue, 
What profit thy parts, 
While one thing thou lackest, 
The art of all arts! 
The only credentials, 
Passport to success, 
Opens castle and parlor, — 
Address, man, Address. 

The maiden in danger 
Was saved by the swain, 
His stout arm restored her 
To Broadway again: 

The maid would reward him, — 
Gay company come, — 
They laugh, she laughs with them, 
He is moonstruck and dumb. 
43 



44 TACT. 

This clenches the bargain, 
Sails out of the bay, 
Gets the vote in the Senate, 
Spite of Webster and Clay; 

Has for genius no mercy, 
For speeches no heed, — 
It lurks in the eyebeam, 
It leaps to its deed. 

Church, tavern, and market, 
Bed and board it will sway; 
It has no to-morrow, 
It ends with to-day. 



HAMATREYA. 

Minott, Lee, Willard, Hosmer, Meriam, Flint, 
Possessed the land, which rendered to their 

toil 
Hay, corn, roots, hemp, flax, apples, wool, 

and wood. 
Each of these landlords walked amidst his 

farm, 
Saying, " 'Tis mine, my children's, and my 

name's. 
How sweet the west wind sounds in my own 

trees; 
How graceful climb those shadows on my hill; 
I fancy those pure waters and the flags 
Know me as does my dog: we sympathize, 
And, I affirm, my actions smack of the soil." 
Where are those men? Asleep beneath their 

grounds, 
And strangers, fond as they, their furrows 

plough. 

45 



46 HAMATREYA. 

Earth laughs in flowers to see her boastful boys 
Earth proud, proud of the earth which is not 

theirs; 
Who steer the plough, but cannot steer their 

feet 
Clear of the grave. — 

They added ridge to valley, brook to pond, 
And sighed for all that bounded their domain, 
"This suits me for a pasture; that's my park, 
We must have clay, lime, gravel, granite-ledge, 
And misty lowland where to go for peat. 
The land is well, — lies fairly to the south. 
'Tis good, when you have crossed the sea and 

back, 
To find the sitfast acres where you left them." 
Ah! the hot owner sees not Death, who adds 
Him to his land, a lump of mould the more. 
Hear what the Earth says: 

Earth-Song. 

Mine and yours, 
Mine not yours. 
Earth endures, 
Stars abide, 



HAM A TREY A. 47 

Shine down in the old sea, 
Old are the shores, 
But where are old men? 
I who have seen much, 
Such have I never seen. 
The lawyer's deed 
Ran sure 
In tail 

To them and to their heirs 
Who shall succeed 
Without fail 
For evermore. 

Here is the land, 
Shaggy with wood, 
With its old valley, 
Mound, and flood. — 
But the heritors — 
Fled like the flood's foam; 
The lawyer, and the laws, 
And the kingdom, 
Clean swept herefrom. 

They called me theirs, 
Who so controlled me; 



48 HAMATREYA. 

Yet every one 

Wished to stay, and is gone. 

How am I theirs, 

If they cannot hold me, 

But I hold them? 

When I- heard the Earth-song, 

I was no longer brave; 

My avarice cooled 

Like lust in the chill of the grave. 



GOOD-BY. 

Good-by, proud world, I'm going home, 
Thou'rt not my friend, and I'm not thine; 
Long through thy weary crowds I roam; 
A river-ark on the ocean brine, 
Long I've been tossed like the driven foam, 
. But now, proud world, I'm going home. 

Good-by to Flattery's fawning face, 

To Grandeur, with his wise grimace, 

To upstart Wealth's averted eye, 

To supple Office low and high, 

To crowded halls, to court, and street, 

To frozen hearts, and hasting feet, 

To those who go, and those who come, 

Good-by, proud world, I'm going home. 

I'm going to my own hearth-stone 
Bosomed in yon green hills, alone, 
A secret nook in a pleasant land, 
Whose groves the frolic fairies planned; 
49 



50 GOODS Y. 

Where arches green the livelong day 

Echo the blackbird's roundelay, 

And vulgar feet have never trod 

A spot that is sacred to thought and God. 

Oh, when I am safe in my sylvan home, 
I tread on the pride of Greece and Rome; 
And when I am stretched beneath the pines 
Where the evening star so holy shines, 
1 laugh at the lore and the pride of man, 
At the sophist schools, and the learned clan; 
For what are they all in their high conceit, 
When man in the bush with God may meet. 






THE RHODORA, 

ON BEING ASKEP, WHENCE IS THE FLOWER. 

In May, when sea-winds pierced our solitudes, 

I found the fresh Rhodora in the woods, 

Spreading its leafless blooms in a damp nook, 

To please the desert and the sluggish brook. 

The purple petals fallen in the pool 

Made the black water with their beauty gay; 

Here might the red-bird come his plumes to cool, 

And court the flower that cheapens his array. 

Rhodora! if the sages ask thee why 

This charm is wasted on the earth and sky, 

Tell them, dear, that, if eyes were made for 

seeing, 
Then beauty is its own excuse for being; 
Why thou wert there, O rival of the rose! 
I never thought to ask; I never knew; 
But in my simple ignorance suppose 
The self-same power that brought me there, 

brought you. 

51 



THE HUMBLEBEE. 

Burly dozing humblebee ! 
Where thou art is clime for me. 
Let them sail for Porto Rique, 
Far-off heats through seas to seek, 
I will follow thee alone, 
Thou animated torrid zone ! 
Zig-zag steerer, desert-cheerer, 
Let me chase thy waving lines, 
Keep me nearer, me thy hearer, 
Singing over shrubs and vines. 

Insect lover of the sun, 
Joy of thy dominion! 
Sailor of the atmosphere, 
Swimmer through the waves of air, 
Voyager of light and noon, 
Epicurean of June, 
Wait I prithee, till I come 
Within ear-shot of thy hum, — 
All without is martyrdom. 
52 



THE HUMBLEBEE. 53 

When the south wind, in May days, 

With a net of shining haze, 

Silvers the horizon wall, 

And, with softness touching all, 

Tints the human countenance 

With a color of romance, 

And, infusing subtle heats, 

Turns the sod to violets, 

Thou in sunny solitudes, 

Rover of the underwoods, 

The green silence dost displace, 

With thy mellow breezy bass. 

Hot midsummer's petted crone, 
Sweet to me thy drowsy tune, 
Telling of countless sunny hours, 
Long days, and solid banks of flowers, 
Of gulfs of sweetness without bound 
In Indian wildernesses found, 
Of Syrian peace, immortal leisure, 
Firmest cheer and bird-like pleasure. 

Aught unsavory or unclean, 
Hath my insect never seen, 



54 THE HUMBLEBEE. 

But violets and bilberry bells, 
Maple sap and daffodels, 
Grass with green flag half-mast high, 
Succory to match the sky, 
Columbine with horn of honey, 
Scented fern, and agrimony, 
Clover, catchfly, adders-tongue, 
And brier-roses dwelt among; 
All beside was unknown waste, 
All was picture as he passed. 

Wiser far than human seer, 
Yellow-breeched philosopher! 
Seeing only what is fair, 
Sipping only what is sweet, 
Thou dost mock at fate and care, 
Leave the chaff and take the wheat. 
When the fierce north-western blast 
Cools sea and land so far and fast, 
Thou already slumberest deep, — 
Woe and want thou canst out-sleep, — 
Want and woe which torture us, 
Thy sleep makes ridiculous. 



BERRYING. 

"May be true what I had heard, 
Earth's a howling wilderness 
Truculent with fraud and force," 
Said I, strolling through the pastures, 
And along the riverside. 
Caught among the blackberry vines, 
Feeding on the Ethiops sweet, 
Pleasant fancies overtook me: 
I said, "What influence me preferred 
Elect to dreams thus beautiful?" 
The vines replied, "And didst thou deem 
No wisdom to our berries went?" 
55 



THE SNOW-STORM. 

Announced by all the trumpets of the sky 
Arrives the snow, and, driving o'er the fields, 
Seems nowhere to alight: the whited air 
Hides hills and woods, the river and the 

heaven, 
And veils the farm-house at the garden's end. 
The steed and traveller stopped, the courier's 

feet 
Delayed, all friends shut out, the housemates 

sit 
Around the radiant fireplace, enclosed 
In a tumultuous privacy of storm. 

Come, see the north wind's masonry. 
Out of an unseen quarry evermore 
Furnished with tile, the fierce artificer 
Curves his white bastions with projected roof 
Round every windward stake, or tree, or door. 
Speeding, the myriad-handed, his wild work 
56 



THE SNOIV-STORM. 57 

So fanciful, so savage, naught cares he 

For number or proportion. Mockingly 

On coop or kennel he hangs Parian wreaths; 

A swan-like form invests the hidden thorn; 

Fills up the farmer's lane from wall to wall, 

Maugre the farmer's sighs, and at the gate 

A tapering turret overtops the work. 

And when his hours are numbered, and the 

world 
Is all his own, retiring, as he were not, 
Leaves, when the sun appears, astonished Art 
To mimic in slow structures, stone by stone 
Built in an age, the mad wind's night- work, 
The frolic architecture of the snow. 



WOOD NOTES. 



For this present, hard 
Is the fortune of the bard 
Born out of time; 
All his accomplishment 
From nature's utmost treasure spent 
Booteth not him. 
When the pine tosses its cones 
To the song of its waterfall tones, 
He speeds to the woodland walks, 
To birds and trees he talks. 
Caesar of his leafy Rome, 
There the poet is at home. 
He goes to the riverside, — 
Not hook nor line hath he: 
He stands in the meadows wide, — 
Nor gun nor scythe to see; 
With none has he to do, 
And none seek him, 
58 






WOOD NOTES. 59 

Nor men below, 
Nor spirits dim. 

Sure some god his eye enchants, 
What he knows, nobody wants. 
In the wood he travels glad 
Without better fortune had, 
Melancholy without bad. 
Planter of celestial plants, 
What he knows, nobody wants, — 
What he knows, he hides, not vaunts. 
Knowledge this man prizes best 
Seems fantastic to the rest, 
Pondering shadows, colors, clouds, 
Grass buds, and caterpillars' shrouds, 
Boughs on which the wild bees settle, 
Tints that spot the violet's petal, 
Why nature loves the number five, 
And why the star- form she repeats, 
Lover of all things alive, 
Wonderer at all he meets, 
Wonderer chiefly at himself, — 
Who can tell him what he is, 
Or how meet in human elf 
Coming and past eternities? 



60 WOOD NOTES. 



2. 



And such I knew, a forest seer, 

A minstrel of the natural year, 

Foreteller of the vernal ides, 

Wise harbinger of spheres and tides, 

A lover true who knew by heart 

Each joy the mountain dales impart; 

It seemed that nature could not raise 

A plant in any secret place, 

In quaking bog, on snowy hill, 

Beneath the grass that shades the rill, 

Under the snow, between the rocks, 

In damp fields known to bird and fox, 

But he would come in the very hour 

It opened in its virgin bower, 

As if a sunbeam showed the place, 

And tell its long-descended race. 

It seemed as if the breezes brought him, 

It seemed as if the sparrows taught him, 

As if by secret sight he knew 

Where in far fields the orchis grew. 

There are many events in the field 

Which are not shown to common eyes, 



WOOD NOTES. 61 

But all her shows did nature yield 

To please and win this pilgrim wise. 

He saw the partridge drum in the woods, 

He heard the woodcock's evening hymn, 

He found the tawny thrush's broods, 

And the shy hawk did wait for him. 

What others did at distance hear, 

And guessed within the thicket's gloom, 

Was showed to this philosopher, 

And at his bidding seemed to come. 



In unploughed Maine, he sought the lum- 
berer's gang, 
Where from a hundred lakes young rivers 

sprang; 
He trod the unplanted forest-floor, whereon 
The all-seeing sun for ages hath not shone, 
Where feeds the mouse, and walks the surly 

bear, 
And up the tall mast runs the woodpecker. 
He saw, beneath dim aisles, in odorous beds, 
The slight Linnsea hang its twin-born heads, 



62 WOOD NOTES. 

And blessed the monument of the man of 

flowers, 
Which breathes his sweet fame through the 

Northern bovvers. 
He heard when in the grove, at intervals, 
With sudden roar the aged pine tree falls, — 
One crash the death-hymn of the perfect 

tree, 
Declares the close of its green century. 
Low lies the plant to whose creation went 
Sweet influence from every element; 
Whose living towers the years conspired to 

build, 
Whose giddy top the morning loved to gild. 
Through these green tents, by eldest nature 

drest, 
He roamed, content alike with man and beast. 
Where darkness found him, he lay glad at 

night; 
There the red morning touched him with its 

light. 
Three moons his great heart him a hermit 

made, 
So long he roved at will the boundless shade. 



WOOD NOTES. 63 

The timid it concerns to ask their way, 

And fear what foe in caves and swamps can 

stray, 
To make no step until the event is known, 
And ills to come as evils past bemoan: 
Not so the wise; no coward watch he keeps, 
To spy what danger on his pathway creeps; 
Go where he will, the wise man is at home, 
His hearth the earth; — his hall the azure 

dome; 
Where his clear spirit leads him, there's his 

road, 
By God's own light illumined and foreshowed. 



'Twas one of the charmed days 

When the genius of God doth flow, 

The wind may alter twenty ways, 

A tempest cannot blow: 

It may blow north, it still is warm; 

Or south, it still is clear; 

Or east, it smells like a clover farm; 

Or west, no thunder fear. 



64 JVOOD NOTES, 

The musing peasant lowly great 

Beside the forest water sate : 

The rope-like pine-roots crosswise grown 

Composed the network of his throne; 

The wide lake edged with sand and grass 

Was burnished to a floor of glass, 

Painted with shadows green and proud 

Of the tree and of the cloud. 

He was the heart of all the scene, 

On him the sun looked more serene, 

To hill and cloud his face was known, 

It seemed the likeness of their own. 

They knew by secret sympathy 

The public child of earth and sky. 

You ask, he said, what guide, 

Me through trackless thickets led, 

Through thick-stemmed woodlands rough and 

wide? 
I found the waters' bed: 
I travelled grateful by their side, 
Or through their channel dry; 
They led me through the thicket damp, 
Through brake and fern, the beavers' camp, 
Through beds of granite cut my road, 



WOOD NOTES. 65 

And their resistless friendship showed. 

The falling waters led me, 

The foodful waters fed me, 

And brought me to the lowest land, 

Unerring to the ocean sand. 

The moss upon the forest bark 

Was pole-star when the night was dark; 

The purple berries in the wood 

Supplied me necessary food. 

For nature ever faithful is 

To such as trust her faithfulness. 

When the forest shall mislead me, 

When the night and morning lie, 

When sea and land refuse to feed me, 

'Twill be time enough to die; 

Then will yet my mother yield 

A pillow in her greenest field, 

Nor the June flowers scorn to cover 

The clay of their departed lover. 



WOOD NOTES. 
II. 

As sunbeams stream through liberal space, 
And nothing jostle or displace. 
So waved the pine tree through my thought, 
And fanned the drea?ns it never brought. 

"Whether is better the gift or the donor? 

Come to me," 

Quoth the pine tree, 

"I am the giver of honor. 

My garden is the cloven rock, 

And my manure the snow, 

And drifting sand heaps feed my stock, 

In summer's scorching glow. 

Ancient or curious, 

Who knoweth aught of us? 

Old as Jove, 

Old as Love, 

66 



WOOD NOTES. 67 

Who of me 

Tells the pedigree? 

Only the mountains old, 

Only the waters cold, 

Only moon and star 

My coevals are. 

Ere the first fowl sung 

My relenting boughs among, 

Ere Adam wived, 

Ere Adam lived, 

Ere the duck dived, 

Ere the bees hived, 

Ere the lion roared, 

Ere the eagle soared, 

Light and heat, land and sea 

Spake unto the oldest tree. 

Glad in the sweet and secret aid 

Which matter unto matter paid, 

The water flowed, the breezes fanned, 

The tree confined the roving sand, 

The sunbeam gave me to the sight, 

The tree adorned the formless light, 

And once again 

O'er the grave of men 



68 WOOD NOTES. 

We shall talk to each other again 
Of the old age behind, 
01 the time out of mind, 
Which shall come again." 

"Whether is better the gift or the donor? 

Come to me," 

Quoth the pine tree, 

"I am the giver of honor. 

He is great who can live by me; 

The rough and bearded forester 

Is better than the lord; 

God fills the scrip and canister, 

Sin piles the loaded board. 

The lord is the peasant that was, 

The peasant the lord that shall be, 

The lord is hay, the peasant grass, 

One dry and one the living tree. 

Genius with my boughs shall flourish, 

Want and cold our roots shall nourish; 

Who liveth by the ragged pine, 

Foundeth a heroic line; 

Who liveth in the palace hall, 

Waneth fast and spendeth all: 



WOOD NOTES. 69 

He goes to my savage haunts, 

With his chariot and his care, 

My twilight realm he disenchants, 

And finds his prison there. 

What prizes the town and the tower? 

Only what the pine tree yields, 

Sinew that subdued the fields, 

The wild-eyed boy who in the woods 

Chants his hymn to hill and floods, 

Whom the city's poisoning spleen 

Made not pale, or fat, or lean, 

Whom the rain and the wind purgeth, 

Whom the dawn and the day-star urgeth, 

In whose cheek the rose leaf blusheth, 

In whose feet the lion rusheth, 

Iron arms and iron mould, 

That knew not fear, fatigue, or cold. 

I give my rafters to his boat, 

My billets to his boiler's throat, 

And I will swim the ancient sea 

To float my child to victory, 

And grant to dwellers with the pine, 

Dominion o'er the palm and vine. 

Westward I ope the forest gates, 



70 WOOD NOTES. 

The train along the railroad skates, 

It leaves the land behind, like ages past, 

The foreland flows to it in river fast, 

Missouri I have made a mart, 

I teach Iowa Saxon art. 

Who leaves the pine tree, leaves his friend, 

Unnerves his strength, invites his end. 

Cut a bough from my parent stem, 

And dip it in thy porcelain vase; 

A little while each russet gem 

Will swell and rise with wonted grace, 

But when it seeks enlarged supplies, 

The orphan of the forest dies. 

Whoso walketh in solitude, 
And inhabiteth the wood, 
Choosing light, wave, rock, and bird, 
Before the money-loving herd, 
Into that forester shall pass 
From these companions power and grace; 
Clean shall he be without, within, 
From the old adhering sin; 
Love shall he, but not adulate, 
The all-fair, the all-embracing Fate, 



WOOD NOTES. 71 

All ill dissolving in the light 

Of his triumphant piercing sight. 

Not vain, sour, nor frivolous, 

Not mad, athirst, nor garrulous, 

Grave, chaste, contented, though retired, 

And of all other men desired. 

On him the light of star and moon 

Shall fall with purer radiance down; 

All constellations of the sky 

Shed their virtue through his eye. 

Him nature giveth for defence 

His formidable innocence, 

The mountain sap, the shells, the sea, 

All spheres, all stones, his helpers be; 

He shall never be old, 

Nor his fate shall be foretold; 

He shall see the speeding year, 

Without wailing, without fear; 

He shall be happy in his love, 

Like to like shall joyful prove. 

He shall be happy whilst he woos 

Muse-born a daughter of the Muse; 

But if with gold she bind her hair, 

And deck her breast with diamond, 



72 WOOD NOTES. 

Take off thine eyes, thy heart forbear, 

Though thou lie alone on the ground: 

The robe of silk in which she shines, 

It was woven of many sins, 

And the shreds 

Which she sheds 

In the wearing of the same, 

Shall be grief on grief, 

And shame on shame. 

Heed the old oracles, 

Ponder my spells, 

Song wakes in my pinnacles, 

When the wind swells. 

Soundeth the prophetic wind, 

The shadows shake on the rock behind, 

And the countless leaves of the pine are strings 

Tuned to the lay the wood-god sings. 

Hearken! hearken! 

If thou wouldst know the mystic song 

Chanted when the sphere was young, 

Aloft, abroad, the paean swells, 

O wise man, hear'st thou half it tells? 

O wise man, hear'st thou the least part? 

'Tis the chronicle of art. 



WOOD NOTES. 73 

To the open ear it sings 

The early genesis of things; 

Of tendency through endless ages, 

Of star-dust, and star-pilgrimages, 

Of rounded worlds, of space, and time, 

Of the old flood's subsiding slime, 

Of chemic matter, force, and form, 

Of poles and powers, cold, wet, and warm, 

The rushing metamorphosis 

Dissolving all that fixture is, 

Melts things that be to things that seem, 

And solid nature to a dream. 

Oh, listen to the under song, 

The ever old, the ever young, 

And far within those cadent pauses, 

The chorus of the ancient Causes. 

Delights the dreadful destiny 

To fling his voice into the tree, 

And shock thy weak ear with a note 

Breathed from the everlasting throat. 

In music he repeats the pang 

Whence the fair flock of nature sprang. 

O mortal! thy ears are stones; 

These echoes are laden with tones 



74 WOOD NOTES. 

Which only the pure can hear, 

Thou canst not catch what they recite 

Of Fate, and Will, of Want, and Right, 

Of man to come, of human life, 

Of Death, and Fortune, Growth, and Strife." 

Once again the pine tree sung; — 

"Speak not thy speech my boughs among, 

Put off thy years, wash in the breeze, 

My hours are peaceful centuries. 

Talk no more with feeble tongue; 

No more the fool of space and time, 

Come weave with mine a nobler rhyme. 

Only thy Americans 

Can read thy line, can meet thy glance, 

But the runes that I rehearse 

Understands the universe. 

The least breath my boughs which tossed 

Brings again the Pentecost; 

To every soul it soundeth clear 

In a voice of solemn cheer, 

'Am I not thine? are not these thine?* 

And they reply, ' Forever mine.' 

My branches speak Italian, 



WOOD NOTES. 75 

English, German, Basque, Castilian, 
Mountain speech to Highlanders, 
Ocean tongues to islanders, 
To Finn, and Lap, and swart Malay, 
To each his bosom secret say. 

Come learn with me the fatal song 

Which knits the world in music strong, 

Whereto every bosom dances 

Kindled with courageous fancies: 

Come lift thine eyes to lofty rhymes 

Of things with things, of times with times, 

Primal chimes of sun and shade, 

Of sound and echo, man and maid; 

The land reflected in the flood; 

Body with shadow still pursued. 

For nature beats in perfect tune, 

And rounds with rhyme her every rune, 

Whether she work in land or sea, 

Or hide underground her alchemy. 

Thou canst not wave thy staff in air, 

Or dip thy paddle in the lake, 

But it carves the bow of beauty there, 

And the ripples in rhymes the oar forsake. 



76 WOOD NOTES. 

The wood is wiser far than thou: 

The wood and wave each other know. 

Not unrelated, unaffied, 

But to each thought and thing allied, 

Is perfect nature's every part, 

Rooted in the mighty heart. 

But thou, poor child! unbound, unrhymed, 

Whence earnest thou, misplaced, mistimed? 

Whence, O thou orphan and defrauded? 

Is thy land peeled, thy realm marauded? 

Who thee divorced, deceived, and left; 

Thee of thy faith who hath bereft, 

And torn the ensigns from thy brow, 

And sunk the immortal eye so low? 

Thy cheek too white, thy form too slender, 

Thy gait too slow, thy habits tender, 

For royal man; they thee confess 

An exile from the wilderness, — 

The hills where health with health agrees, 

And the wise soul expels disease. 

Hark! in thy ear I will tell the sign 

By which thy hurt thou mayst divine. 

When thou shalt climb the mountain cliff, 

Or see the wide shore from thy skiff, 



WOOD NOTES. 77 

To thee the horizon shall express 
Only emptiness and emptiness; 
There is no man of nature's worth 
In the circle of the earth, 
And to thine eye the vast skies fall 
Dire and satirical 

On clucking hens, and prating fools, 
On thieves, on drudges, and on dolls. 
And thou shalt say to the Most High, 
' Godhead! all this astronomy, 
And Fate, and practice, and invention, 
Strong art, and beautiful pretension, 
This radiant pomp of sun and star, 
Throes that were, and worlds that are, 
Behold! were in vain and in vain; — 
It cannot be, — I will look again, — 
Surely now will the curtain rise, 
And earth's fit tenant me surprise; 
But the curtain doth not rise, 
And nature has miscarried wholly 
Into failure, into folly.' 

Alas! thine is the bankruptcy, 
Blessed nature so to see. 



78 WOOD NOTES. 

Come lay thee in my soothing shade, 

And heal the hurts which sin has made. 

I will teach the bright parable 

Older than time, 

Things undeclarable, 

Visions sublime. 

I see thee in the crowd alone; 

I will be thy companion. 

Let thy friends be as the dead in doom, 

And build to them a final tomb; 

Let the starred shade which mighty falls 

Still celebrate their funerals, 

And the bell of beetle and of bee 

Knell their melodious memory. 

Behind thee leave thy merchandise, 

Thy churches, and thy charities, 

And leave thy peacock wit behind; 

Enough for thee the primal mind 

That flows in streams, that breathes in wind. 

Leave all thy pedant lore apart; 

God hid the whole world in thy heart. 

Love shuns the sage, the child it crowns, 

And gives them all who all renounce. 

The rain comes when the wind calls, 



WOOD NOTES. 79 

The river knows the way to the sea, 
Without a pilot it runs and falls, 
Blessing all lands with its charity. 
The sea tosses and foams to find 
Its way up to the cloud and wind, 
The shadow sits close to the flying ball, 
The date fails not on the palm tree tall, 
And thou, — go burn thy wormy pages, — 
Shalt outsee the seer, outwit the sages. 
Oft didst thou thread the woods in vain 
To find what bird had piped the strain, — 
Seek not, and the little eremite 
Flies gayly forth and sings in sight. 

Hearken! once more; 
I will tell the mundane lore. 
Older am I than thy numbers wot, 
Change I may, but I pass not; 
Hitherto all things fast abide, 
And anchored in the tempest ride. 
Trendrant time behooves to hurry 
All to yean and all to bury; 
All the forms are fugitive, 
But the substances survive, 



80 WOOD NOTES. 

Ever fresh the broad creation, 

A divine improvisation, 

From the heart of God proceeds, 

A single will, a million deeds. 

Once slept the world an egg of stone, 

And pulse, and sound, and light was none; 

And God said, Throb; and there was motion, 

And the vast mass became vast ocean. 

Onward and on, the eternal Pan 

Who layeth the world's incessant plan, 

Halteth never in one shape, 

But forever doth escape, 

Like wave or flame, into new forms 

Of gem, and air, of plants and worms. 

I, that to-day am a pine, 

Yesterday was a bundle of grass. 

He is free and libertine, 

Pouring of his power the wine 

To every age, to every race, 

Unto every race and age 

He emptieth the beverage; 

Unto each, and unto all, 

Maker and original. 

The world is the ring of his spells, 






WOOD NOTES. 81 

And the play of his miracles. 

As he giveth to all to drink, 

Thus or thus they are and think. 

He giveth little or giveth much, 

To make them several or such. 

With one drop sheds form and feature, 

With the second a special nature, 

The third adds heat's indulgent spark, 

The fourth gives light which eats the dark. 

In the fifth drop himself he flings, 

And conscious Law is King of Kings. 

Pleaseth him the Eternal Child 

To play his sweet will, glad and wild; 

As the bee through the garden ranges, 

From world to world the godhead changes; 

As the sheep go feeding through the waste, 

From form to form he maketh haste. 

This vault which glows immense with light 

Is the inn where he lodges for a night. 

What recks such Traveller if the bowers 

Which bloom and fade like summer flowers, 

A bunch of fragrant lilies be, 

Or the stars of eternity? 

Alike to him the better, the worse, 



82 WOOD NOTES. 

The glowing angel, the outcast corse. 
Thou metest him by centuries, 
And lo ! he passes like the breeze; 
Thou seek' st in globe and galaxy, 
He hides in pure transparency; 
Thou askest in fountains and in fires, 
He is the essence that inquires. 
He is the axis of the star; 
He is the sparkle of the spar; 
He is the heart of every creatures- 
He is the meaning of each feature; 
And his mind is the sky 
Than all it holds more deep, more high." 



MONADNOC. 

Thousand minstrels woke within me, 
"Our music's in the hills;" — 
Gayest pictures rose to win me, 
Leopard-colored rills. 
Up! — If thou knew' st who calls 
To twilight parks of beech and pine, 
High over the river intervals, 
Above the ploughman's highest line, 
Over the owner's farthest walls; — 
Up ! — where the airy citadel 
O'erlooks the purging landscaped swell. 
Let not unto the stones the day 
Her lily and rose, her sea and land display; 
Read the celestial sign ! 
Lo! the South answers to the North; 
Bookworm, break this sloth urbane; 
A greater Spirit bids thee forth, 
Than the gray dreams which thee detain. 
83 



84 MONADNOC. 

Mark how the climbing Oreads 
Beckon thee to their arcades; 
Youth, for a moment free as they, 
Teach thy feet to feel the ground, 
Ere yet arrive the wintry day 
When Time thy feet has bound. 
Accept the bounty of thy birth; 
Taste the lordship of the earth. 

I heard and I obeyed, 
Assured that he who pressed the claim, 
Well-known, but loving not a name, 
Was not to be gainsaid. 

Ere yet the summoning voice was still, 
I turned to Cheshire's haughty hill. 
From the fixed cone the cloud-rack flowed 
Like ample banner flung abroad 
Round about, a hundred miles, 
With invitation to the sea, and to the border- 
ing isles. 

In his own loom's garment drest, 
By his own bounty blest, 



MONADNOC. 85 

Fast abides this constant giver, 
Pouring many a cheerful river; 
To far eyes, an aerial isle, 
Unploughed, which finer spirits pile, 
Which morn and crimson evening paint 
For bard, for lover, and for saint; 
The country's core, 
Inspirer, prophet evermore, 
Pillar which God aloft had set 
So that men might it not forget, 
It should be their life's ornament, 
And mix itself with each event; 
Their calendar and dial, 
Barometer, and chemic phial, 
Garden of berries, perch of birds, 
Pasture of pool-haunting herds, 
Graced by each change of sum untold, 
Earth-baking heat, stone-cleaving cold. 

The Titan minds his sky-affairs, 
Rich rents and wide alliance shares; 
Mysteries of color daily laid 
By the great sun in light and shade, 
And sweet varieties of chance, 



86 MONADNOC. 

And the mystic seasons' dance, 
And thief-like step of liberal hours 
Which thawed the snow-drift into flowers, 
O wondrous craft of plant and stone 
By eldest science done and shown! 
Happy, I said, whose home is here, 
Fair fortunes to the mountaineer! 
Boon nature to his poorest shed 
Has royal pleasure-grounds outspread. 
Intent I searched the region round, 
And in low hut my monarch found. 
He was no eagle and no earl, 
Alas! my foundling was a churl, 
With heart of cat, and eyes of bug, 
Dull victim of his pipe and mug; 
Woe is me for my hopes' downfall! 
Lord ! is yon squalid peasant all 
That this proud nursery could breed 
For God's vicegerency and stead? 
Time out of mind this forge of ores, 
Quarry of spars in mountain pores, 
Old cradle, hunting ground, and bier 
Of wolf and otter, bear, and deer; 
Well-built abode of many a race; 



MONADNOC. 87 

Tower of observance searching space; 
Factory of river, and of rain; 
Link in the alps' globe-girding chain; 
By million changes skilled to tell 
What in the Eternal standeth well, 
And what obedient nature can, — 
Is this colossal talisman 
Kindly to creature, blood, and kind, 
And speechless to the master's mind? 

I thought to find the patriots 

In whom the stock of freedom roots. 

To myself I oft recount 

Tales of many a famous mount. — 

Wales, Scotland, Uri, Hungary's dells, 

Roys, and Scanderbegs, and Tells. 

Here now shall nature crowd her powers, 

Her music, and her meteors, 

And, lifting man to the blue deep 

Where stars their perfect courses keep, 

Like wise preceptor lure his eye 

To sound the science of the sky, 

And carry learning to its height 

Of untried power and sane delight; 



88 MONADNOC. 

The Indian cheer, the frosty skies 
Breed purer wits, inventive eyes, 
Eyes that frame cities where none be, 
And hands that stablish what these see: 
And, by the moral of his place, 
Hint summits of heroic grace; 
Man in these crags a fastness find 
To fight pollution of the mind; 
In the wide thaw and ooze of wrong, 
Adhere like this foundation strong, 
The insanity of towns to stem 
With simpleness for stratagem. 
But if the brave old mould is broke, 
And end in clowns the mountain-folk, 
In tavern cheer and tavern joke, — 
Sink, O mountain! in the swamp, 
Hide in thy skies, O sovereign lap! 
Perish like leaves the highland breed 1 
No sire survive, no son succeed! 

Soft! let not the offended muse 
Toil's hard hap with scorn accuse. 
Many hamlets sought I then, 
Many farms of mountain men; — 



MONADNOC. 89 

Found I not a minstrel seed, 
But men of bone, and good at need. 
Rallying round a parish steeple 
Nestle warm the highland people, 
Coarse and boisterous, yet mild, 
Strong as giant, slow as child, 
Smoking in a squalid room, 
Where yet the westland breezes come. 
Close hid in those rough guises lurk 
Western magians, here they work; 
Sweat and season are their arts, 
Their talismans are ploughs and carts; 
And well the youngest can command 
Honey from the frozen land, 
With sweet hay the swamp adorn, 
Change the running sand to corn, 
For wolves and foxes, lowing herds, 
And for cold mosses, cream and curds; 
Weave wood to canisters and mats, 
Drain sweet maple-juice in vats. 
No bird is safe that cuts the air, 
From their rifle or their snare; 
No fish in river or in lake, 
But their long hands it thence will take; 



90 MONADNOC. 

And the country's iron face 

Like wax their fashioning skill betrays, 

To fill the hollows, sink the hills, 

Bridge gulfs, drain swamps, build dams and mills, 

And fit the bleak and howling place 

For gardens of a finer race, 

The world-soul knows his own affair, 

Fore-looking when his hands prepare 

For the next ages men of mould, 

Well embodied, well ensouled, 

He cools the present's fiery glow, 

Sets the life pulse strong, but slow. 

Bitter winds and fasts austere. 

His quarantines and grottos, where 

He slowly cures decrepit flesh, 

And brings it infantile and fresh. 

These exercises are the toys 

And games with which he breathes his boys. 

They bide their time, and well can prove, 

If need were, their line from Jove, 

Of the same stuff, and so allayed, 

As that whereof the sun is made; 

And of that fibre quick and strong 

Whose throbs are love, whose thrills are song. 



MONADNOC. 91 

Now in sordid weeds they sleep, 

Their secret now in dulness keep. 

Yet, will you learn our ancient speech, 

These the masters who can teach, 

Fourscore or a hundred words 

All their vocal muse affords, 

These they turn in other fashion 

Than the writer or the parson. 

I can spare the college-bell, 

And the learned lecture well. 

Spare the clergy and libraries, 

Institutes and dictionaries, 

For the hardy English root 

Thrives here unvalued underfoot. 

Rude poets of the tavern hearth, 

Squandering your unquoted mirth, 

Which keeps the ground and never soars, 

While Jake retorts and Reuben roars, 

Tough and screaming as birch-bark, 

Goes like bullet to its mark, 

While the solid curse and jeer 

Never balk the waiting ear: 

To student ears keen-relished jokes 

On truck, and stock, and farming-folks, — 



92 MONADNOC. 

Nought the mountain yields thereof 
But savage health and sinews tough. 

On the summit as I stood, 

O'er the wide floor of plain and flood, 

Seemed to me the towering hill 

Was not altogether still, 

But a quiet sense conveyed] 

If I err not, thus it said: 

Many feet in summer seek 

Betimes my far-appearing peak; 

In the dreaded winter-time, 

None save dappling shadows climb 

Under clouds my lonely head, 

Old as the sun, old almost as the shade. 

And comest thou 

To see strange forests and new snow, 

And tread uplifted land? 

And leavest thou thy lowland race, 

Here amid clouds to stand, 

And would 'st be my companion, 

Where I gaze 

And shall gaze 



MONADNOC. 93 

When forests fall, and man is gone, 

Over tribes and over times 

As the burning Lyre 

Nearing me, 

With its stars of northern fire, 

In many a thousand years. 

Ah! welcome, if thou bring 

My secret in thy brain; 

To mountain-top may muse's wing 

With good allowance strain. 

Gentle pilgrim, if thou know 

The gamut old of Pan, 

And how the hills began, 

The frank blessings of the hill 

Fall on thee, as fall they will. 

'Tis the law of bush and stone — 

Each can only take his own. 

Let him heed who can and will, — 

Enchantment fixed me here 

To stand the hurts of time, until 

In mightier chant I disappear. 

If thou trowest 

How the chemic eddies play 



94 MONADNOC. 

Pole to pole, and what they say, 

And that these gray crags 

Not on crags are hung, 

But beads are of a rosary 

On prayer and music strung; 

And, credulous, through the granite seeming 

Seest the smile of Reason beaming; 

Can thy style-discerning eye 

The hidden-working Builder spy, 

Who builds, yet makes no chips, no din, 

With hammer soft as snow-flake's flight; 

Knowest thou this? 

O pilgrim, wandering not amiss! 

Already my rocks lie light, 

And soon my cone will spin. 

For the world was built in order, 

And the atoms march in tune, 

Rhyme the pipe, and time the warder, 

Cannot forget the sun, the moon. 

Orb and atom forth they prance, 

When they hear from far the rune, 

None so backward in the troop, 

When the music and the dance 

Reach his place and circumstance, 



MONADNOC. 95 

But knows the sun-creating sound, 
And, though a pyramid, will bound. 

Monadnoc is a mountain strong, 

Tall and good my kind among, 

But well I know, no mountain can 

Measure with a perfect man; 

For it is on Zodiack's writ, 

Adamant is soft to wit; 

And when the greater comes again, 

With my music in his brain, 

I shall pass as glides my shadow 

Daily over hill and meadow. 

Through all time 

I hear the approaching feet 

Along the flinty pathway beat 

Of him that cometh, and shall come, — 

Of him who shall as lightly bear 

My daily load of woods and streams, 

As now the round sky-cleaving boat 

Which never strains its rocky beams, 

Whose timbers, as they silent float, 

Alps and Caucasus uprear, 



96 MONADNOC. 

And the long Alleghanies here, 

And all town-sprinkled lands that be, 

Sailing through stars with all their history. 

Every morn I lift my head, 

Gaze o'er New England underspread 

South from Saint Lawrence to the Sound, 

From Katshill east to the sea-bound. 

Anchored fast for many an age, 

I await the bard and sage, 

Who in large thoughts, like fair pearl-seed, 

Shall string Monadnoc like a bead. 

Comes that cheerful troubadour, 

This mound shall throb his face before, 

As when with inward fires and pain 

It rose a bubble from the plain. 

When he cometh, I shall shed 

From this well-spring in my head 

Fountain drop of spicier worth 

Than all vintage of the earth. 

There's fruit upon my barren soil 

Costlier far than wine or oil; 

There's a berry blue and gold, — 

Autumn-ripe its juices hold, 



MONADNOC. 97 

Sparta's stoutness, Bethlehem's heart, 
Asia's rancor, Athens' art, 
Slowsure Britain's secular might, 
And the German's inward sight; 
I will give my son to eat 
Best of Pan's immortal meat, 
Bread to eat and juice to drink, 
So the thoughts that he shall think 
Shall not be forms of stars, but stars, 
Nor pictures pale, but Jove and Mars. 

He comes, but not of that race bred 
Who daily climb my specular head. 
Oft as morning wreathes my scarf, 
Fled the last plumule of the dark, 
Pants up hither the spruce clerk 
From South-Cove and City-wharf; 
I take him up my rugged sides, 
Half-repentant, scant of breath, — 
Bead-eyes my granite chaos show, 
And my midsummer snow; 
Open the daunting map beneath,— 
All his county, sea and land, 
Dwarfed to measure of his hand; 



98 MONADNOC. 

His day's ride is a furlong space, 

His city tops a glimmering haze: 

I plant his eyes on the sky-hoop bounding; ■ 

See there the grim gray rounding 

Of the bullet of the earth 

Whereon ye sail, 

Tumbling steep 

In the uncontinented deep; — 

He looks on that, and he turns pale: 

'Tis even so, this treacherous kite, 

Farm-furrowed, town-incrusted sphere, 

Thoughtless of its anxious freight, 

Plunges eyeless on for ever, 

And he, poor parasite, — 

Cooped in a ship he cannot steer, 

Who is the captain he knows not, 

Port or pilot trows not, — 

Risk or ruin he must share. 

I scowl on him with my cloud, 

With my north wind chill his blood, 

I lame him clattering down the rocks, 

And to live he is in fear. 

Then, at last, I let him down 

Once more into his dapper town, 



MONADNOC. 99 

To chatter frightened to his clan, 

And forget me, if he can. 

As in the old poetic fame 

The gods are blind and lame, 

And the simular despite 

Betrays the more abounding might, 

So call not waste that barren cone 

Above the floral zone, 

Where forests starve: 

It is pure use; 

What sheaves like those which here we glean 

and bind, 
Of a celestial Ceres, and the Muse? 

Ages are thy days, 

Thou grand expressor of the present tense, 

And type of permanence, 

Firm ensign of the fatal Being, 

Amid these coward shapes of joy and grief 

That will not bide the seeing. 

Hither we bring 

Our insect miseries to the rocks, 

And the whole flight with pestering wing 

Vanish and end their murmuring, 



100 MONADNOC. 

Vanish beside these dedicated blocks, 

Which, who can tell what mason laid? 

Spoils of a front none need restore, 

Replacing frieze and architrave; 

Yet flowers each stone rosette and metope brave, 

Still is the haughty pile erect 

Of the old building Intellect. 

Complement of human kind, 

Having us at vantage still, 

Our sumptuous indigence, 

O barren mound! thy plenties fill. 

We fool and prate, — 

Thou art silent and sedate. 

To million kinds and times one sense 

The constant mountain doth dispense, 

Shedding on all its snows and leaves, » 

One joy it joys, one grief it grieves. 

Thou seest, O watchman tall! 

Our towns and races grow and fall, 

And imagest the stable Good 

For which we all our lifetime grope, 

In shifting form the formless mind; 

And though the substance us elude, 

We in thee the shadow find. 



MONADNOC. 101 

Thou in our astronomy 

An opaker star, 

Seen, haply, from afar, 

Above the horizon's hoop. 

A moment by the railway troop, 

As o'er some bolder height they speed, — 

By circumspect ambition, 

By errant Gain, 

By feasters, and the frivolous, — 

Recallest us, 

And makest sane. 

Mute orator! well-skilled to plead, 

And send conviction without phrase, 

Thou dost supply 

The shortness of our days, 

And promise, on thy Founder's truth, 

Long morrow to this mortal youth. 



FABLE. 

The mountain and the squirrel 
Had a quarrel, 

And the former called the latter, "little prig": 
Bun replied, 

You are doubtless very big, 
But all sorts of things and weather 
Must be taken in together 
To make up a year, 
And a sphere. 
And I think it no disgrace 
To occupy my place. 
If I'm not so large as you, 
You are not so small as I, 
And not half so spry: 
I'll not deny you make 
A very pretty squirrel track; 
Talents differ; all is well and wisely put; 
If I cannot carry forests on. my back, 
Neither can you crack a nut. 
102 



ODE, 

INSCRIBED TO WILLIAM H. CHANNING. 

Though loth to grieve 

The evil time's sole patriot, 

I cannot leave 

My buried thought 

For the priest's cant, 

Or statesman's rant. 

If I refuse 

My study for their politique, 

Which at the best is trick, 

The angry muse 

Puts confusion in my brain. 

But who is he that prates 
Of the culture of mankind, 
Of better arts and life? 
Go, blind worm, go, 
Behold the famous States 
103 



104 ODE. 

Harrying Mexico 

With rifle and with knife. 

Or who, with accent bolder, 

Dare praise the freedom-loving mountaineer, 

I found by thee, O rushing Contoocook ! 

And in thy valleys, Agiochook! 

The jackals of the negro-holder. 

The God who made New Hampshire 

Taunted the lofty land 

With little men. 

Small bat and wren 

House in the oak. 

If earth fire cleave 

The upheaved land, and bury the folk, 

The southern crocodile would grieve. 

Virtue palters, right is hence, 
Freedom praised but hid; 
Funeral eloquence 
Rattles the coffin-lid. 

What boots thy zeal, 
O glowing friend, 






ODE. 105 

That would indignant rend 
The northland from the south? 
Wherefore? To what good end? 
Boston Bay and Bunker Hill 
Would serve things still: 
Things are of the snake. 

The horseman serves the horse, 
The neat-herd serves the neat, 
The merchant serves the purse, 
The eater serves his meat; 
'Tis the day of the chattel, 
Web to weave, and corn to grind, 
Things are in the saddle, 
And ride mankind. 

There are two laws discrete 

Not reconciled, 

Law for man, and law for thing; 

The last builds town and fleet, 

But it runs wild, 

And doth the man unking, 

'Tis fit the forest fall, 
The steep be graded, 



106 ODE. 

The mountain tunnelled, 
The land shaded, 
The orchard planted, 
The globe tilled, 
The prairie planted, 
The steamer built. 

Let man serve law for man, 

Live for friendship, live for love, 

For truth's and harmony's behoof; 

The state may follow how it can, 

As Olympus follows Jove. 

Yet do not I implore 

The wrinkled shopman to my sounding woods, 

Nor bid the unwilling senator 

Ask votes of thrushes in the solitudes. 

Every one to his chosen work. 

Foolish hands may mix and mar, 

Wise and sure the issues are. 

Round they roll, till dark is light, 

Sex to sex, and even to odd; 

The over-God, 

Who marries Right to Might, 

Who peoples, unpeoples, 



ODE. . 107 

He who exterminates 
Races by stronger races, 
Black by white faces, 
Knows to bring honey 
Out of the lion, 
Grafts gentlest scion 
On Pirate and Turk. 

The Cossack eats Poland, 

Like stolen fruit; 

Her last noble is ruined, 

Her last poet mute; 

Straight into double band 

The victors divide, 

Half for freedom strike and stand, 

The astonished muse finds thousands at her side. 



ASTR^A. 

Himself it was who wrote 

His rank, and quartered his own coat. 

There is no king nor sovereign state 

That can fix a hero's rate; 

Each to all is venerable, 

Cap-a-pie invulnerable, 

Until he write, where all eyes rest, 

Slave or master on his breast. 

I saw men go up and down 
In the country and the town, 
With this prayer upon their neck, 
"Judgment and a judge we seek." 
Not to monarchs they repair, 
Nor to learned jurist's chair, 
But they hurry to their peers, 
To their kinsfolk and their dears, 
Louder than with speech they pray, 
What am I? companion; say. 
108 



ASTR/EA. 109 

And the friend not hesitates 
To assign just place and mates, 
Answers not in word or letter, 
Yet is understood the better; — 
Is to his friend a looking-glass, 
Reflects his figure that doth pass. 
Every wayfarer he meets 
What himself declared, repeats; 
What himself confessed, records; 
Sentences him in his words, 
The form is his own corporal form, 
And his thought the penal worm. 

Yet shine for ever virgin minds, 

Loved by stars and purest winds, 

Which, o'er passion throned sedate, 

Have not hazarded their state, 

Disconcert the searching spy, 

Rendering to a curious eye 

The durance of a granite ledge 

To those who gaze from the sea's edge. 

It is there for benefit, 

It is there for purging light, 

There for purifying storms, 



110 ASTR/EA. 

And its depths reflect all forms; 
It cannot parley with the mean, 
Pure by impure is not seen. 
For there's no sequestered grot, 
Lone mountain tarn, or isle forgot, 
But justice journeying in the sphere 
Daily stoops to harbor there. 



ETIENNE DE LA BOECE. 

I serve you not, if you I follow, 
Shadow-like, o'er hill and hollow, 
And bend my fancy to your leading, 
All too nimble for my treading. 
When the pilgrimage is done, 
And we've the landscape overrun, 
I am bitter, vacant, thwarted, 
And your heart is unsupported. 
Vainly valiant, you have missed 
The manhood that should yours resist, 
Its complement; but if I could 
In severe or cordial mood 
Lead you rightly to my altar, 
Where the wisest muses falter, 
And worship that world-warning spark 
Which dazzles me in midnight dark, 
Equalizing small and large, 
While the soul it doth surcharge, 
111 



112 ETIENNE DE LA BOECE. 

That the poor is wealthy grown, 
And the hermit never alone, 
The traveller and the road seem one 
With the errand to be done; — 
That were a man's and lover's part, 
That were Freedom's whitest chart. 



"SUUM CUIQUE." 

The rain has spoiled the farmer's day; 
Shall sorrow put my books away? 
Thereby are two days lost: 
Nature shall mind her own affairs, 
I will attend my proper cares, 
In rain, or sun, or frost. 
113 



COMPENSATION. 

Why should I keep holiday, 
When other men have none? 
Why but because when these are gay, 
I sit and mourn alone. 

And why when mirth unseals all tongues 
Should mine alone be dumb? 
Ah! late I spoke to silent throngs, 
And now their hour is come. 
114 



FORBEARANCE. 

Hast thou named all the birds without a gun; 
Loved the wood-rose, and left it on its stalk; 
At rich men's tables eaten bread and pulse; 
Unarmed, faced danger with a heart of trust; 
And loved so well a high behavior 
In man or maid, that thou from speech re- 
frained, 
Nobility more nobly to repay? — 
O be my friend, and teach me to be thine! 
115 



THE PARK. 

The prosperous and beautiful 
To me seem not to wear 
The yoke of conscience masterful, 
Which galls me everywhere. 

I cannot shake off the god; 
On my neck he makes his seat; 
I look at my face in the glass, 
My eyes his eye-balls meet. 

Enchanters ! enchantresses ! 

Your gold makes you seem wise: 

The morning mist within your grounds 

More proudly rolls, more softly lies. 

Yet spake yon purple mountain, 
Yet said yon ancient wood, 
That night or day, that love or crime 
Lead all souls to the Good. 
116 



THE FORERUNNERS. 

Long I followed happy guides, — 
I could never reach their sides. 
Their step is forth, and, ere the day, 
Breaks up their leaguer, and away. 
Keen my sense, my heart was young, 
Right goodwill my sinews strung, 
But no speed of mine avails 
To hunt upon their shining trails. 
On and away, their hasting feet 
Make the morning proud and sweet. 
Flowers they strew, I catch the scent, 
Or tone of silver instrument 
Leaves on the wind melodious trace, 
Yet I could never see their face. 
On eastern hills I see their smokes 
Mixed with mist by distant lochs. 
I meet many travellers 
Who the road had surely kept, — 
They saw not my fine revellers, — 
117 



118 THE FORERUNNERS. 

These had crossed them while they slept. 

Some had heard their fair report 

In the country or the court. 

Fleetest couriers alive 

Never yet could once arrive, 

As they went or they returned, 

At the house where these sojourned. 

Sometimes their strong speed they slacken, 

Though they are not overtaken: 

In sleep, their jubilant troop is near, 

I tuneful voices overhear, 

It may be in wood or waste, — 

At unawares 'tis come and passed. 

Their near camp my spirit knows 

By signs gracious as rainbows. 

I thenceforward and long after 

Listen for their harp-like laughter, 

And carry in my heart for days 

Peace that hallows rudest ways. — 






"SURSUM CORDA." 

Seek not the Spirit, if it hide, 

Inexorable to thy zeal: 

Baby, do not whine and chide; 

Art thou not also real? 

Why should' st thou stoop to poor excuse? 

Turn on the Accuser roundly; say, 

"Here am I, here will I remain 

Forever to myself soothfast, 

Go thou, sweet Heaven, or, at thy pleasure 

stay." — 
Already Heaven with thee its lot has cast, 
For it only can absolutely deal. 
119 



ODE TO BEAUTY. 

Who gave thee, O Beauty! 
The keys of this breast, 
Too credulous lover 
Of blest and unblest? 
Say when in lapsed ages 
Thee knew I of old; 
Or what was the service 
For which I was sold? 
When first my eyes saw thee, 
I found me thy thrall, 
By magical drawings, 
Sweet tyrant of all! 
I drank at thy fountain 
False waters of thirst; 
Thou intimate stranger, 
Thou latest and first! 
Thy dangerous glances 
Make women of men; 
New-born we are melting 
Into nature again. 
120 



ODE TO BEAUTY. 121 

Lavish, lavish promiser, 
Nigh persuading gods to err, 
Guest of million painted forms 
Which in turn thy glory warms, 
The frailest leaf, the mossy bark, 
The acorn's cup, the raindrop's arc, 
The swinging spider's silver line, 
The ruby of the drop of wine, 
The shining pebble of the pond, 
Thou inscribest with a bond 
In thy momentary play 
Would bankrupt Nature to repay. 

Ah! what avails it 
To hide or to shun 
Whom the Infinite One 
Hath granted his throne? 
The heaven high over 
Is the deep's lover, 
The sun and sea 
Informed by thee, 
Before me run, 
And draw me on, 
Yet fly me still, 



122 ODE TO BEAUTY. 

As Fate refuses 

To me the heart Fate for me chooses, 

Is it that my opulent soul 

Was mingled from the generous whole, 

Sea valleys and the deep of skies 

Furnished several supplies, 

And the sands whereof I'm made 

Draw me to them self -betrayed? 

I turn the proud portfolios 

Which hold the grand designs 

Of Salvator, of Guercino, 

And Piranesi's lines. 

I hear the lofty Paeans 

Of the masters of the shell, 

Who heard the starry music, 

And recount the numbers well: 

Olympian bards who sung 

Divine Ideas below, 

Which always find us young, 

And always keep us so. 

Oft in streets or humblest places 

I detect far wandered graces, 

Which from Eden wide astray 

In lowly homes have lost their way. 



ODE TO BEAUTY. 123 

Thee gliding through the sea of form, 
Like the lightning through the storm, 
Somewhat not to be possessed, 
Somewhat not to be caressed, 
No feet so fleet could ever find, 
No perfect form could ever bind. 
Thou eternal fugitive 
Hovering over all that live, 
Quick and skilful to inspire 
Sweet extravagant desire, 
Starry space and lily bell 
Filling with thy roseate smell, 
Wilt not give the lips to taste 
Of the nectar which thou hast. 

All that's good and great with thee 
Stands in deep conspiracy. 
Thou hast bribed the dark and lonely 
To report thy features only, 
And the cold and purple morning 
Itself with thoughts of thee adorning, 
The leafy dell, the city mart, 
Equal trophies of thine art, 
E'en the flowing azure air 



124 ODE TO BEAUTY. 

Thou hast touched for my despair, 
And if I languish into dreams, 
Again I meet the ardent beams. 
Queen of things! I dare not die 
In Being's deeps past ear and eye, 
Lest there I find the same deceiver, 
And be the sport of Fate forever. 
Dread power, but dear! if God thou be, 
Unmake me quite, or give thyself to me. 



GIVE ALL TO LOVE. 

Give all to love; 

Obey thy heart; 

Friends, kindred, days, 

Estate, good fame, 

Plans, credit, and the muse; 

Nothing refuse. 

'Tis a brave master, 
Let it have scope, 
Follow it utterly, 
Hope beyond hope; 
High and more high, 
It dives into noon, 
With wing unspent, 
Untold intent; 
But 'tis a god, 
Knows its own path, 
And the outlets of the sky. 
125 



126 GIVE ALL TO LOVE. 

'Tis not for the mean, 
It requireth courage stout, 
Souls above doubt, 
Valor unbending; 
Such 'twill reward, 
They shall return 
More than they were, 
And ever ascending. 

Leave all for love; — 

Yet, hear me, yet, 

One word more thy heart behoved, 

One pulse more of firm endeavor, 

Keep thee to-day, 

To-morrow, for ever, 

Free as an Arab 

Of thy beloved. 

Cling with life to the maid; 

But when the surprise, 

Vague shadow of surmise, 

Flits across her bosom young 

Of a joy apart from thee, 

Free be she, fancy-free, 

Do not thou detain a hem, 



GIVE ALL TO LOVE. 127 

Nor the palest rose she flung 
From her summer diadem. 

Though thou loved her as thyself, 

As a self of purer clay, 

Tho' her parting dims the day, 

Stealing grace from all alive, 

Heartily know, 

When half-gods go, 

The gods arrive. 



TO ELLEN, AT THE SOUTH. 

The green grass is growing, 
The morning wind is in it, 
'Tis a tune worth the knowing, 
Though it change every minute. 

'Tis a tune of the spring, 
Every year plays it over, 
To the robin on the wing, 
To the pausing lover. 

O'er ten thousand thousand acres 
Goes light the nimble zephyr, 
The flowers, tiny feet of shakers, 
Worship him ever. 

Hark to the winning sound! 
They summon thee, dearest, 
Saying; "We have drest for thee the ground, 
Nor yet thou appearest. 
128 



TO ELLEN, AT THE SOUTH. 129 

"O hasten, 'tis our time, 
Ere yet the red summer 
Scorch our delicate prime, 
Loved of bee, the tawny hummer. 

"O pride of thy race! 

Sad in sooth it were to ours, 

If our brief tribe miss thy face, — 

We pour New England flowers. 

"Fairest! choose the fairest members 
Of our lithe society; 
June's glories and September's 
Show our love and piety. 

"Thou shalt command us all, 
April's cowslip, summer's clover, 
To the gentian in the fall, 
Blue-eyed pet of blue-eyed lover. 

"O come, then, quickly come, 
We are budding, we are blowing, 
And the wind which we perfume 
Sings a tune that's worth thy knowing." 



TO EVA. 

O fair and stately maid, whose eye 

Was kindled in the upper sky 

At the same torch that lighted mine; 

For so I must interpret still 

Thy sweet dominion o'er my will, 

A sympathy divine. 

Ah! let me blameless gaze upon 

Features that seem in heart my own, 

Nor fear those watchful sentinels 

Which charm the more their glance forbids, 

Chaste glowing underneath their lids 

With fire that draws while it repels. 



Thine eyes still shined for me, though far 
I lonely roved the land or sea, 
As I behold yon evening star, 
Which yet beholds not me. 
130 



TO EVA. 131 

This morn I climbed the misty hill, 
And roamed the pastures through; 
How danced thy form before my path, 
Amidst the deep-eyed dew! 

When the red bird spread his sable wing, 
And showed his side of flame, 
When the rose-bud ripened to the rose, 
In both I read thy name. 



THE AMULET. 

Your picture smiles as first it smiled, 
The ring you gave is still the same, 
Your letter tells, O changing child, 
No tidings since it came. 

Give me an amulet 
That keeps intelligence with you, 
Red when you love, and rosier red, 
And when you love not, pale and blue. 

Alas, that neither bonds nor vows 
Can certify possession; 
Torments me still the fear that love 
Died in its last expression. 
132 



EROS. 

The sense of the world is short, 
Long and various the report, — 
To love and be beloved; 
Men and gods have not outlearned it, 
And how oft soe'er they've turned it, 
'Tis not to be improved. 
133 



HERMIONE. 

On a mound an Arab lay, 

And sung his sweet regrets, 

And told his amulets; 

The summer bird 

His sorrow heard, 

And when he heaved a sigh profound 

The sympathetic swallows swept the ground. 

If it be as they said, she was not fair; 
Beauty's not beautiful to me, 
But sceptred Genius aye inorbed, 
Culminating in her sphere. 
This Hermione absorbed 
The lustre of the land and ocean, 
Hills and islands, vine and tree, 
In her form and motion. 
I ask no bauble miniature, 
Nor ringlets dead 
Shorn from her comely head, 
134 



HERMIONB. 135 

Now that morning not disdains, — 

Mountains and the misty plains — 

Her colossal portraiture: 

They her heralds be, 

Steeped in her quality, 

And singers of her fame, 

Who is their muse and dame. 

Higher, dear swallows, mind not what I say. 

Ah! heedless how the weak are strong, 

Say, was it just 

In thee to frame, in me to trust, 

Thou to the Syrian couldst belong? 

I am of a lineage 

That each for each doth fast engage. 
In old Bassora's schools I seemed 
Hermit vowed to books and gloom, 
Ill-bested for gay bridegroom: 
I was by thy touch redeemed; 
When thy meteor glances came, 
We talked at large of worldly Fate, 
And drew truly every trait. 
Once I dwelt apart, 



136 HERMIONE. 

Now I live with all; 
As shepherd's lamp on far hill side, 
Seems, by the traveller espied, 
A door into the mountain heart, 
So didst thou quarry and unlock 
Highways for me through the rock. 

Now deceived thou wanderest 

In strange lands, unblest, 

And my kindred come to soothe me, 

South wind is my next of blood; 

He is come through fragrant wood, 

Drugged with spice from climates warm, 

And in every twinkling glade, 

And twilight nook, 

Unveils thy form: 

Out of the forest way 

Forth paced it yesterday, 

And, when I sat by the water-course, 

Watching the daylight fade, 

It throbbed up from the brook. 

River, and rose, and crag, and bird, 

Frost, and sun, and eldest night 

To me their aid preferred, 



HERMIONE. 137 

To me their comfort plight: 

"Courage! we are thine allies; 

And with this hint be wise, 

The chains of kind 

The distant bind: 

Deed thou doest, she must do, 

Above her will, be true; 

And, in her strict resort 

To winds and waterfalls, 

And autumn's sun-lit festivals, 

To music, and to music's thought, 

Inextricably bound, 

She shall find thee, and be found. 

Follow not her flying feet, 

Come to us herself to meet." 



ODE. 
I. 

INITIAL LOVE. 

Venus, when her son was lost, 

Cried him up and down the coast, 

In hamlets, palaces, and parks, 

And told the truant by his marks, 

Golden curls, and quiver, and bow; — 

This befell long ago. 

Time and tide are strangely changed, 

Men and manners much deranged; 

None will now find Cupid latent 

By this foolish antique patent. 

He came late along the waste, 

Shod like a traveller for haste, 

With malice dared me to proclaim him, 

That the maids and boys might name him. 

Boy no more^ he wears all coats, 
Frocks, and blouses, capes, capotes, 
138 



INITIAL LOVE. 139 

He bears no bow, or quiver, or wand, 

Nor chaplet on his head or hand: 

Leave his weeds and heed his eyes, 

All the rest he can disguise. 

In the pit of his eyes a spark 

Would bring back day if it were dark, 

And, — if I tell you all my thought, 

Though I comprehend it not, — 

In those unfathomable orbs 

Every function he absorbs; 

He doth eat, and drink, and fish, and shoot, 

And write, and reason, and compute, 

And ride, and run, and have, and hold, 

And whine, and flatter, and regret, 

And kiss, and couple, and beget, 

By those roving eye-balls bold; 

Undaunted are their courages, 

Right Cossacks in their forages; 

Fleeter they than any creature, 

They are his steeds and not his feature, 

Inquisitive, and fierce, and fasting, 

Restless, predatory, hasting, — 

And they pounce on other eyes, 

As lions on their prey; 



140 INITIAL LOVE. 

And round their circles is writ, 

Plainer than the day, 

Underneath, within, above, 

Love, love, love, love. 

He lives in his eyes, 

There doth digest, and work, and spin, 

And buy, and sell, and lose, and win; 

He rolls them with delighted motion, 

Joy-tides swell their mimic ocean. 

Yet holds he them with tortest rein, 

That they may seize and entertain 

The glance that to their glance opposes, 

Like fiery honey sucked from roses. 

He palmistry can understand, 

Imbibing virtue by his hand 

As if it were a living root; 

The pulse of hands will make him mute; 

With all his force he gathers balms 

Into those wise thrilling palms. 

Cupid is a casuist, 

A mystic, and a cabalist, 

Can your lurking Thought surprise, 



INITIAL LOVE. 141 

And interpret your device; 

Mainly versed in occult science, 

In magic, and in clairvoyance. 

Oft he keeps his fine ear strained, 

And reason on her tiptoe pained, 

For aery intelligence, 

And for strange coincidence. 

But it touches his quick heart 

When Fate by omens takes his part, 

And chance-dropt hints from Nature's sphere 

Deeply soothe his anxious ear. 

Heralds high before him run, 
He has ushers many a one, 
Spreads his welcome where he goes, 
And touches all things with his rose. 
All things wait for and divine him, — 
How shall I dare to malign him, 
Or accuse the god of sport? — 
I must end my true report, 
Painting him from head to foot, 
In as far as I took note, 
Trusting well the matchless power 
Of this young-eyed emperor 



142 INITIAL LOVE. 

Will clear his fame from every cloud, 
With the bards, and with the crowd. 

He is wilful, mutable, 

Shy, untamed, inscrutable, 

Swifter-fashioned than the fairies, 

Substance mixed of pure contraries, 

His vice some elder virtue's token, 

And his good is evil spoken. 

Failing sometimes of his own, 

He is headstrong and alone; 

He affects the wood and wild, 

Like a flower-hunting child, 

Buries himself in summer waves, 

In trees, with beasts, in mines, and caves, 

Loves nature like a horned cow, 

Bird, or deer, or cariboo. 

Shun him, nymphs, on the fleet horses! 

He has a total world of wit, 

O how wise are his discourses! 

But he is the arch-hypocrite, 

And through all science and all art, 

Seeks alone his counterpart. 

He is a Pundit of the east, 



INITIAL LOVE. 143 

He is an augur and a priest, 
And his soul will melt in prayer, 
But word and wisdom are a snare; 
Corrupted by the present toy, 
He follows joy, and only joy. 

There is no mask but he will wear, 

He invented oaths to swear, 

He paints, he carves, he chants, he prays, 

And holds all stars in his embrace, 

Godlike, — but 'tis for his fine pelf, 

The social quintessence of self. 

Well, said I, he is hypocrite, 

And folly the end of his subtle wit, 

He takes a sovran privilege 

Not allowed to any liege, 

For he does go behind all law, 

And right into himself does draw, 

For he is sovranly allied. 

Heaven's oldest blood flows in his side, 

And interchangeably at one 

With every king on every throne, 

That no God dare say him nay, 

Or see the fault, or seen betray; 



144 INITIAL LOVE. 

He has the Muses by the heart, 
And the Parcse all are of his part. 

His many signs cannot be told, 

He has not one mode, but manifold, 

Many fashions and addresses, 

Piques, reproaches, hurts, caresses, 

Action, service, badinage, 

He will preach like a friar, 

And jump like Harlequin, 

He will read like a crier, 

And fight like a Paladin. 

Boundless is his memory, 

Plans immense his term prolong, 

He is not of counted age, 

Meaning always to be young. 

And his wish is intimacy, 

Intimater intimacy, 

And a stricter privacy, 

The impossible shall yet be done, 

And being two shall still be one. 

As the wave breaks to foam on shelves, 

Then runs into a wave again, 

So lovers melt their sundered selves, 

Yet melted would be twain. 



II. 

THE DAEMONIC AND THE CELESTIAL 
LOVE. 

DAEMONIC LOVE. 

Man was made of social earth, 
Child and brother from his birth; 
Tethered by a liquid cord 
Of blood through veins of kindred poured, 
Next his heart the fireside band 
Of mother, father, sister, stand; 
Names from awful childhood heard, 
Throbs of a wild religion stirred, 
Their good was heaven, their harm was vice, 
Till Beauty came to snap all ties, 
The maid, abolishing the past, 
With lotus-wine obliterates 
Dear memory's stone-incarved traits, 
And by herself supplants alone 
Friends year by year more inly known. 
145 



146 THE D/EMONIC AND 

When her calm eyes opened bright, 
All were foreign in their light. 
It was ever the self-same tale, 
The old experience will not fail, — 
Only two in the garden walked, 
And with snake and seraph talked. 

But God said; 
I will have a purer gift, 
There is smoke in the flame; 
New flowerets bring, new prayers uplift, 
And love without a name. 
Fond children, ye desire 
To please each other well; 
Another round, a higher, 
Ye shall climb on the heavenly stair, 
And selfish preference forbear; 
And in right deserving, 
And without a swerving 
Each from your proper state, 
Weave roses for your mate. 

Deep, deep are loving eyes, 
Flowed with naphtha fiery sweet, 



THE CELESTIAL LOVE. 147 

And the point is Paradise 

Where their glances meet: 

Their reach shall yet be more profound, 

And a vision without bound: 

The axis of those eyes sun-clear 

Be the axis of the sphere; 

Then shall the lights ye pour amain 

Go without check or intervals, 

Through from the empyrean walls, 

Unto the same again. 

Close, close to men, 

Like undulating layer of air, 

Right above their heads, 

The potent plain of Daemons spreads. 

Stands to each human soul its own, 

For watch, and ward, and furtherance 

In the snares of nature's dance; 

And the lustre and the grace 

Which fascinate each human heart, 

Beaming from another part, 

Translucent through the mortal covers, 

Is the Daemon's form and face. 

To and fro the Genius hies, 



148 THE D/EMONIC AND 

A gleam which plays and hovers 

Over the maiden's head, 

And dips sometimes as low as to her eyes. 

Unknown, — albeit lying near, — 

To men the path to the Daemon sphere, 

And they that swiftly come and go, 

Leave no track on the heavenly snow. 

Sometimes the airy synod bends, 

And the mighty choir descends, 

And the brains of men thenceforth, 

In crowded and in still resorts, 

Teem with unwonted thoughts. 

As when a shower of meteors 

Cross the orbit of the earth, 

And, lit by fringent air, 

Blaze near and far. 

Mortals deem the planets bright 

Have slipped their sacred bars, 

And the lone seaman all the night 

Sails astonished amid stars. 

Beauty of a richer vein, 
Graces of a subtler strain, 



THE CELESTIAL LOVE. 149 

Unto men these moon-men lend, 

And our shrinking sky extend. 

So is man's narrow path 

By strength and terror skirted, 

Also (from the song the wrath 

Of the Genii be averted! 

The Muse the truth uncolored speaking), 

The Daemons are self-seeking; 

Their fierce and limitary will 

Draws men to their likeness still. 

The erring painter made Love blind, 

Highest Love who shines on all; 

Him radiant, sharpest-sighted god 

None can bewilder; 

Whose eyes pierce 

The Universe, 

Path-finder, road-builder, 

Mediator, royal giver, 

Rightly-seeing, rightly-seen, 

Of joyful and transparent mien. 

'Tis a sparkle passing* 

From each to each, from me to thee, 

Perpetually, 



150 THE DAEMONIC AND 

Sharing all, daring all, 

Levelling, misplacing 

Each obstruction, it unites 

Equals remote, and seeming opposites. 

And ever and forever Love 

Delights to build a road; 

Unheeded Danger near him strides, 

Love laughs, and on a lion rides. 

But Cupid wears another face 

Born into Daemons less divine, 

His roses bleach apace, 

His nectar smacks of wine. 

The Daemon ever builds a wall, 

Himself incloses and includes, 

Solitude in solitudes: 

In like sort his love doth fall. 

He is an oligarch, 

He prizes wonder, fame, and mark, 

He loveth crowns, 

He scorneth drones; 

He doth elect 

The beautiful arid fortunate, 

And the sons of intellect, 

And the souls of ample fate, 



THE CELESTIAL LOVE. 151 

Who the Future's gates unbar, 

Minions of the Morning Star. 

In his prowess he exults, 

And the multitude insults. 

His impatient looks devour 

Oft the humble and the poor, 

And, seeing his eye glare, 

They drop their few pale flowers 

Gathered with hope to please 

Along the mountain towers, 

Lose courage, and despair. 

He will never be gainsaid, 

Pitiless, will not be stayed. 

His hot tyranny 

Burns up every other tie; 

Therefore comes an hour from Jove 

Which his ruthless will defies, 

And the dogs of Fate unties. 

Shiver the palaces of glass, 

Shrivel the rainbow-colored walls 

Where in bright art each god and sibyl dwelt 

Secure as in the Zodiack's belt; 

And the galleries and halls 

Wherein every Siren sung, 



152 THE D/EMONIC AND 

Like a meteor pass. 

For this fortune wanted root 

In the core of God's abysm, 

Was a weed of self and schism: 

And ever the Daemonic Love 

Is the ancestor of wars, 

And the parent of remorse. 

CELESTIAL LOVE. 

Higher far, 

Upward, into the pure realm, 

Over sun or star, 

Over the flickering Daemon film, 

Thou must mount for love, — 

Into vision which all form 

In one only form dissolves; 

In a region where the wheel, 

On which all beings ride, 

Visibly revolves; 

Where the starred eternal worm 

Girds the world with bound and term; 

Where unlike things are like, 

When good and ill, 



THE CELESTIAL LOVE. 153 

And joy and moan, 

Melt into one. 

There Past, Present, Future, shoot 

Triple blossoms from one root 

Substances at base divided 

In their summits are united, 

There the holy Essence rolls, 

One through separated souls, 

And the sunny ^Eon sleeps 

Folding nature in its deeps, 

And every fair and every good 

Known in part or known impure 

To men below, 

In their archetypes endure. 

The race of gods, 

Or those we erring own, 

Are shadows flitting up and down 

In the still abodes. 

The circles of that sea are laws, 

Which publish and which hide the Cause. 

Pray for a beam 

Out of that sphere 

Thee to guide and to redeem. 



154 THE DAEMONIC AND 

O what a load 

Of care and toil 

By lying Use bestowed, 

From his shoulders falls, who sees 

The true astronomy, 

The period of peace! 

Counsel which the ages kept, 

Shall the well-born soul accept. 

As the overhanging trees 

Fill the lake with images, 

As garment draws the garment's hem 

Men their fortunes bring with them; 

By right or wrong, 

Lands and goods go to the strong; 

Property will brutely draw 

Still to the proprietor, 

Silver to silver creep and wind, 

And kind to kind, 

Nor less the eternal poles 

Of tendency distribute souls. 

There need no vows to bind 

Whom not each other seek but find. 

They give and take no pledge or oath, 

Nature is the bond of both. 



THE CELESTIAL LOVE. 155 

No prayer persuades, no flattery fawns, 
Their noble meanings are their pawns. 
Plain and cold is their address, 
Power have they for tenderness, 
And so thoroughly is known 
Each others' purpose by his own, 
They can parley without meeting, 
Need is none of forms of greeting, 
They can well communicate 
In their innermost estate; 
When each the other shall avoid, 
Shall each by each be most enjoyed. 
Not with scarfs or perfumed gloves 
Do these celebrate their loves, 
Not by jewels, feasts, and savors, 
Not by ribbons or by favors, 
But by the sun-spark on the sea, 
And the cloud-shadow on the lea, 
The soothing lapse of morn to mirk, 
And the cheerful round of work. 
Their cords of love so public are, 
They intertwine the farthest star. 
The throbbing sea, the quaking earth, 
Yield sympathy and signs of mirth; 



156 THE CELESTIAL LOVE. 

Is none so high, so mean is none, 
But feels and seals this union. 
Even the fell Furies are appeased, 
The good applaud, the lost are eased. 

Love's hearts are faithful, but not fond, 
Bound for the just, but not beyond; 
Not glad, as the low-loving herd, 
Of self in others still preferred, 
But they have heartily designed 
The benefit of broad mankind. 
And they serve men austerely, 
After their own genius, clearly, 
Without a false humility; 
For this is love's nobility, 
Not to scatter bread and gold, 
Goods and raiment bought and sold, . 
But to hold fast his simple sense, 
And speak the speech of innocence, 
And with hand, and body, and blood, 
To make his bosom-counsel good: 
For he that feeds men, serveth few, 
He serves all, who dares be true. 






THE APOLOGY, 

Think me not unkind and rude, 
That I walk alone in grove and glen; 
I go to the god of the wood 
To fetch his word to men. 

Tax not my sloth that I 
Fold my arms beside the brook ; 
Each cloud that floated in the sky 
Writes a letter in my book. 

Chide me not, laborious band, 
For the idle flowers I brought; 
Every aster in my hand 
Goes home loaded with a thought. 

There was never mystery, 
But 'tis figured in the flowers, 
Was never secret history, 
But birds tell it in the bowers. 
157 



158 THE APOLOGY. 

One harvest from thy field 
Homeward brought the oxen strong; 
A second crop thine acres yield, 
Which I gather in a song. 



MERLIN. 



Thy trivial harp will never please 
Or fill my craving ear; 
Its chords should ring as blows the breeze, 
Free, peremptory, clear. 
No jingling serenader's art, 
Nor tinkle of piano strings, 
Can make the wild blood start 
In its mystic springs. 
The kingly bard 

Must smite the chords rudely and hard, 
As with hammer or with mace, 
That they may render back 
Artful thunder that conveys 
Secrets of the solar track, 
Sparks of the supersolar blaze. 
Merlin's blows are strokes of fate, 
Chiming with the forest-tone, 
When boughs buffet boughs in the wood; 
159 



160 MERLIN. 

Chiming with the gasp and moan 

Of the ice-imprisoned flood; 

With the pulse of manly hearts, 

With the voice of orators, 

With the din of city arts, 

With the cannonade of wars. 

With the marches of the brave, 

And prayers of might from martyrs' cave. 

Great is the art, 

Great be the manners of the bard! 

He shall not his brain encumber 

With the coil of rhythm and number, 

But, leaving rule and pale forethought, 

He shall aye climb 

For his rhyme: 

Pass in, pass in, the angels say, 

In to the upper doors; 

Nor count compartments of the floors, 

But mount to Paradise 

By the stairway of surprise. 

Blameless master of the games, 

King of sport that never shames; 



MERLIN. 161 

He shall daily joy dispense 
Hid in song's sweet influence. 
Things more cheerly live and go, 
What time the subtle mind 
Plays aloud the tune whereto 
Their pulses beat, 
And march their feet, 
And their members are combined. 

By Sybarites beguiled 
He shall no task decline; 
Merlin's mighty line, 
Extremes of nature reconciled, 
Bereaved a tyrant of his will, 
And made the lion mild. 
Songs can the tempest still, 
Scattered on the stormy air, 
Mould the year to fair increase, 
And bring in poetic peace. 

He shall not seek to weave, 
In weak unhappy times, 
Efficacious rhymes; 
Wait his returning strength, 



162 MERLIN. 

Bird, that from the nadir's floor, 
To the zenith's top could soar, 
The soaring orbit of the muse exceeds that 
journey's length! 

Nor, profane, affect to hit 

Or compass that by meddling wit, 

Which only the propitious mind 

Publishes when 'tis inclined. 

There are open hours 

When the god's will sallies free, 

And the dull idiot might see 

The flowing fortunes of a thousand years; 

Sudden, at unawares, 

Self-moved fly-to the doors, 

Nor sword of angels could reveal 

What they conceal. 



MERLIN. 

II. 

The rhyme of the poet 
Modulates the king's affairs, 
Balance-loving nature 
Made all things in pairs. 
To every foot its antipode, 
Each color with its counter glowed, 
To every tone beat answering tones, 
Higher or graver; 
Flavor gladly blends with flavor; 
Leaf answers leaf upon the bough, 
And match the paired cotyledons. 
Hands to hands, and feet to feet, 
In one body grooms and brides; 
Eldest rite, two married sides 
In every mortal meet. 
Light's far furnace shines, 
Smelting balls and bars, 
Forging double stars, 
163 



164 MERLIN. 

Glittering twins and trines. 
The animals are sick with love, 
Lovesick with rhyme; 
Each with all propitious Time 
Into chorus wove. 

Like the dancers' ordered band, 

Thoughts come also hand in hand, 

In equal couples mated, 

Or else alternated, 

Adding by their mutual gage 

One to other health and age. 

Solitary fancies go 

Short-lived wandering to and fro, 

Most like to bachelors, 

Or an ungiven maid, 

Not ancestors, 

With no posterity to make the lie afraid, 

Or keep truth undecayed. 

Perfect paired as eagle's wings, 
Justice is the rhyme of things; 
Trade and counting use 
The self -same tuneful muse; 



MERLIN. 165 

And Nemesis, 

Who with even matches odd, 

Who athwart space redresses 

The partial wrong, 

Fills the just period, 

And finishes the song. 

Subtle rhymes with ruin rife 
Murmur in the house of life, 
Sung by the Sisters as they spin; 
In perfect time and measure, they 
Build and unbuild our echoing clay, 
As the two twilights of the day 
Fold 'US music-drunken in. 



BACCHUS. 

Bring me wine, but wine which never grew 

In the belly of the grape, 

Or grew on vine whose taproots reaching through 

Under the Andes to the Cape, 

Suffered no savor of the world to ' scape. 

Let its grapes the morn salute 

From a nocturnal root 

Which feels the acrid juice 

Of Styx and Erebus, 

And turns the woe of night, 

By its own craft, to a more rich delight. 

We buy ashes for bread, 

We buy diluted wine; 

Give me of the true, 

Whose ample leaves and tendrils curled 

Among the silver hills of heaven, 

Draw everlasting dew; 

Wine of wine, 

166 



BACCHUS. 167 

Blood of the world, 

Form of forms and mould of statures, 

That I, intoxicated, 

And by the draught assimilated, 

May float at pleasure through all natures, 

The bird-language rightly spell, 

And that which roses say so well. 

Wine that is shed 

Like the torrents of the sun 

Up the horizon walls; 

Or like the Atlantic streams which run 

When the South Sea calls. 

Water and bread; 
Food which needs no transmuting, 
Rainbow-flowering, wisdom-fruiting ; 
Wine which is already man, 
Food which teach and reason can. 

Wine which music is; 

Music and wine are one; 

That I, drinking this, 

Shall hear far chaos talk with me, 



168 BACCHUS. 

Kings unborn shall walk with me, 
And the poor grass shall plot and plan 
What it will do when it is man: 
Quickened so, will I unlock 
Every crypt of every rock. 

I thank the joyful juice 
For all I know; 
Winds of remembering 
Of the ancient being blow, 
And seeming-solid walls of use 
Open and flow. 

Pour, Bacchus, the remembering wine; 
Retrieve the loss of me and mine; 
Vine for vine be antidote, 
And the grape requite the lote. 
Haste to cure the old despair, 
Reason in nature's lotus drenched, 
The memory of ages quenched; — 
Give them again to shine. 
Let wine repair what this undid, 
And where the infection slid, 
And dazzling memory revive. 



BACCHUS. 169 

Refresh the faded tints, 

Recut the aged prints, 

And write my old adventures, with the pen 

Which, on the first day, drew 

Upon the tablets blue 

The dancing Pleiads, and the eternal men. 



LOSS AND GAIN. 

Virtue runs before the muse 
And defies her skill, 
She is rapt, and doth refuse 
To wait a painter's will. 

Star-adoring, occupied, 
Virtue cannot bend her, 
Just to please a poet's pride, 
To parade her splendor. 

The bard must be with good intent 
No more his, but hers, 
Throw away his pen and paint, 
Kneel with worshippers. 

Then, perchance, a sunny ray 
From the heaven of fire, 
His lost tools may over-pay, 
And better his desire. 
170 



MEROPS. 

What care I, so they stand the same, — 
Things of the heavenly mind, — 
How long the power to give them fame 
Tarries yet behind? 

Thus far to-day your favors reach, 
O fair, appeasing Presences! 
Ye taught my lips a single speech, 
And a thousand silences. 

Space grants beyond his fated road 
No inch to the god of day, 
And copious language still bestowed 
One word, no more, to say. 
171 



THE HOUSE. 

There is no architect 
Can build as the muse can; 
She is skilful to select 
Materials for her plan; 

Slow and warily to choose 
Rafters of immortal pine, 
Or cedar incorruptible, 
Worthy her design. 

She threads dark Alpine forests, 
Or valleys by the sea, 
In many lands, with painful steps, 
Ere she can find a tree. 

She ransacks mines and ledges, 
And quarries every rock, 
To hew the famous adamant, 
For each eternal block. 
172 



THE HOUSE. 173 

She lays her beams in music, 

In music every one, 

To the cadence of the whirling world 

Which dances round the sun. 

That so they shall not be displaced 
By lapses or by wars, 
But for the love of happy souls 
Outlive the newest stars. 



SAADI. 

Trees in groves, 
Kine in droves, 
In ocean sport the scaly herds, 
Wedge-like cleave the air the birds, 
To northern lakes fly wind-borne ducks, 
Browse the mountain sheep in flocks, 
Men consort in camp and town, 
But the poet dwells alone. 

God who gave to him the lyre, 
Of all mortals the desire, 
For all breathing men's behoof, 
Straitly charged him, "Sit aloof;" 
Annexed a warning, poets say, 
To the bright premium, — 
Ever when twain together play, 
Shall the harp be dumb. 
Many may come, 
But one shall sing; 
174 



SAADL 175 

Two touch the string, 
The harp is dumb. 
Though there come a million 
Wise Saadi dwells alone. 

Yet Saadi loved the race of men, — 

No churl immured in cave or den, — 

In bower and hall 

He wants them all, 

Nor can dispense 

With Persia for his audience; 

They must give ear, 

Grow red with joy, and white with fear, 

Yet he has no companion, 

Come ten, or come a million, 

Good Saadi dwells alone. 

Be thou ware where Saadi dwells. 

Gladly round that golden lamp 

Sylvan deities encamp, 

And simple maids and noble youth 

Are welcome to the man of truth. 

Most welcome they who need him most, 

They feed the spring which they exhaust: 



176 SAADL 

For greater need 

Draws better deed: 

But, critic, spare thy vanity, 

Nor show thy pompous parts, 

To vex with odious subtlety 

The cheerer of men's hearts. 

Sad-eyed Fakirs swiftly say 
Endless dirges to decay; 
Never in the blaze of light 
Lose the shudder of midnight; 
And at overflowing noon, 
Hear wolves barking at the moon; 
In the bower of dalliance sweet 
Hear the far Avenger's feet; 
And shake before those awful Powers 
Who in their pride forgive not ours. 
Thus the sad-eyed Fakirs preach; 
"Bard, when thee would Allah teach, 
And lift thee to his holy mount, 
He sends thee from his bitter fount, 
Wormwood; saying, Go thy ways, 
Drink not the Malaga of praise, 
But do the deed thy fellows hate, 



SAADL 177 

And compromise thy peaceful state. 
Smite the white breasts which thee fed, 
Stuff sharp thorns beneath the head 
Of them thou shouldst have comforted. 
For out of woe and out of crime 
Draws the heart a lore sublime." 
And yet it seemeth not to me 
That the high gods love tragedy; 
For Saadi sat in the sun, 
And thanks was his contrition; 
For haircloth and for bloody whips, 
Had active hands and smiling lips; 
And yet his runes he rightly read, 
And to his folk his message sped. 
Sunshine in his heart transferred 
Lighted each transparent word; 
And well could honoring Persia learn 
What Saadi wished to say; 
For Saadi' s nightly stars did burn 
Brighter than Dschami's day. 

Whispered the muse in Saadi's cot; 
O gentle Saadi, listen not, 
Tempted by thy praise of wit, 



178 SAADL 

Or by thirst and appetite 
For the talents not thine own, 
To sons of contradiction. 
Never, sun of eastern morning, 
Follow falsehood, follow scorning, 
Denounce who will, who will, deny, 
And pile the hills to scale the sky; 
Let theist, atheist, pantheist, 
Define and wrangle how they list, — 
Fierce conserver, fierce destroyer, 
But thou joy-giver and enjoyer, 
Unknowing war, unknowing crime, 
Gentle Saadi, mind thy rhyme. 
Heed not what the brawlers say, 
Heed thou only Saadi' s lay. 

Let the great world bustle on 
With war and trade, with camp and town. 
A thousand men shall dig and eat, 
At forge and furnace thousands sweat, 
And thousands sail the purple sea, 
And give or take the stroke of war, 
Or crowd the market and bazaar. 
Oft shall war end, and peace return, 



SAADL 179 

And cities rise where cities burn, 

Ere one man my hill shall climb, 

Who can turn the golden rhyme; 

Let them manage how they may, 

Heed thou only Saadi's lay. 

Seek the living among the dead: 

Man in man is imprisoned. 

Barefooted Dervish is not poor, 

If fate unlock his bosom's door. 

So that what his eye hath seen 

His tongue can paint, as bright, as keen, 

And what his tender heart hath felt, 

With equal fire thy heart shall melt. 

For, whom the muses shine upon, 

And touch with soft persuasion, 

His words like a storm-wind can bring 

Terror and beauty on their wing; 

In his every syllable 

Lurketh nature veritable; 

And though he speak in midnight dark, 

In heaven, no star; on earth, no spark; 

Yet before the listener's eye 

Swims the world in ecstasy, 

The forest waves, the morning breaks, 



180 SAADl. 

The pastures sleep, ripple the lakes, 
Leaves twinkle, flowers like persons be, 
And life pulsates in rock or tree. 
Saadi ! so far thy words shall reach; 
Suns rise and set in Saadi 's speech. 

And thus to Saadi said the muse; 
Eat thou the bread which men refuse; 
Flee from the goods which from thee flee; 
Seek nothing; Fortune seeketh thee. 
Nor mount, nor dive; all good things keep 
The midway of the eternal deep; 
Wish not to fill the isles with eyes 
To fetch thee birds of paradise; 
On thine orchard's edge belong 
All the brass of plume and song; 
Wise Ali's sunbright sayings pass 
For proverbs in the market-place; 
Through mountains bored by regal art 
Toil whistles as he drives his cart. 
Nor scour the seas, nor sift mankind, 
A poet or a friend to find; 
Behold, he watches at the door, 
Behold his shadow on the floor. 



SAADL 181 

Open innumerable doors, 
The heaven where unveiled Allah pours 
The flood of truth, the flood of good, 
The seraph's and the cherub's food; 
Those doors are men; the pariah kind 
Admits thee to the perfect Mind. 
Seek not beyond thy cottage wall 
Redeemer that can yield thee all. 
While thou sittest at thy door, 
On the desert's yellow floor, 
Listening to the gray-haired crones, 
Foolish gossips, ancient drones, — 
Saadi, see, they rise in stature 
To the height of mighty nature, 
And the secret stands revealed 
Fraudulent Time in vain concealed, 
That blessed gods in servile masks 
Plied for thee thy household tasks. 



HOLIDAYS. 

From fall to spring the russet acorn, 
Fruit beloved of maid and boy, 
Lent itself beneath the forest 
To be the children's toy. 

Pluck it now; in vain: thou canst not, 
Its root has pierced yon shady mound, 
Toy no longer, it has duties; 
It is anchored in the ground. 

Year by year the rose-lipped maiden, 
Play-fellow of young and old, 
Was frolic sunshine, dear to all men, 
More dear to one than mines of gold. 

Whither went the lovely hoyden? — 
Disappeared in blessed wife, 
Servant to a wooden cradle, 
Living in a baby's life. 

182 



HOLIDAYS. 183 

Still thou playest; — short vacation 
Fate grants each to stand aside; 
Now must thou be man and artist; 
'Tis the turning of the tide. 



PAINTING AND SCULPTURE. 

The sinful painter drapes his goddess warm, 
Because she still is naked, being drest; 
The godlike sculptor will not so deform 
Beauty, which bones and flesh enough invest. 
184 



FROM THE PERSIAN OF HAFIZ. 

[The Poems of Hafiz are held by the Persians to be 
mystical and allegorical. The following ode, notwith- 
standing its anacreontic style, is regarded by his German 
editor, Von Hammer, as one of those which earned for 
Hafiz among his countrymen the title of " Tongue of the 
Secret."] 

Butler, fetch the ruby wine, 
Which with sudden greatness fills us; 
Pour for me who in my spirit 
Fail in courage and performance; 
Bring the philosophic stone, 
* Karun's treasure, Noah's life; 
Haste, that by thy means I open 
All the doors ^of luck and life. 
Bring me, boy, the fire-water 
Zoroaster sought in dust. 
To Hafiz revelling 'tis allowed 
To pray to Matter and to Fire. 
Bring the wine of Jamschid's glass 
That shone, ere time was, in the Neant. 
185 



186 FROM THE PERSIAN OF HAFIZ. 

Give it me, that through its virtue 

I, as Jamschid, see through worlds. 

Wisely said the Kaiser Jamschid, 

This world's not worth a barleycorn. 

Bring me, boy, the nectar cup, 

Since it leads to Paradise. 

Flute and lyre lordly speak, 

Lees of wine outvalue crowns. 

Hither bring the veiled beauty 

Who in ill-famed houses sits: 

Lead her forth: my honest name 

Freely barter I for wine. 

Bring me, boy, the fire-water, 

Drinks the lion — the woods burn. 

Give it me, that I storm heaven, 

Tear the net from the arch-wolf. 

Wine, wherewith the Houris teach 

Angels the ways of Paradise. 

On the glowing coals I'll set it, 

And therewith my brain perfume. 

Bring me wine, through whose effulgence 

Jam and Chosroes yielded light: 

Wine, that to the flute I sing 

Where is Jam, and where is Kauss. 



FROM THE PERSIAN OF HAFIZ. 187 

Bring the blessing of old times; 
Bless the old departed Shahs; 
Bring it me, the Shah of hearts. 
Bring me wine to wash me clean, 
Of the weather-stains of care, 
See the countenance of luck. 
While I dwell in spirit-gardens, 
Wherefore sit I shackled here? 
Lo, this mirror shows me all. 
Drunk, I speak of purity, 
Beggar, I of lordship speak. 
When Hafiz in his revel sings, 
Shouteth Sohra in her sphere. 

Fear the changes of a day: 
Bring wine which increases life, 
Since the world is all untrue, 
Let the trumpets thee remind 
How the crown of Kobad vanished. 
Be not certain of the world; 
'Twill not spare to shed thy blood. 
Desperate of the world's affair, 
Came I running to the wine-house. 
Give me wine which maketh glad, 



188 FROM THE PERSIAN OF HAFIZ. 

That I may my steed bestride, . 
Through the course career with Rustem, 
Gallop to my heart's content. 
Give me, boy, the ruby cup 
Which unlocks the heart with wine, 
That I reason quite renounce, 
And plant banners on the worlds. 
Let us make our glasses kiss, 
Let us quench the sorrow-cinders: 
To-day let us drink together. 
Whoso has a banquet dressed, 
Is with glad mind satisfied, 
'Scaping from the snares of Dews. 

Alas for youth! 'tis gone in wind, — 
Happy he who spent it well. 
Give me wine, that I o'erleap 
Both worlds at a single spring, 
Stole at dawn from glowing spheres 
Call of Houris to mine ear; 
"O happy bird! delicious soul ! 
Spread thy pinion, break the cage; 
Sit on the roof of the seven domes, 
Where the spirit takes repose." 
In the time of Bisurdschimihr, 



FROM THE PERSIAN OF HAFIZ. 189 

Menutscheher's beauty shined, 
On the beaker of Nushirvan, 
Wrote they once in elder times, 
"Hear the Counsel, learn from us 
Sample of the course of things; 
Earth, it is a place of sorrow, 
Scanty joys are here below, 
Who has nothing, has no sorrow." 

Where is Jam, and where his cup? 
Solomon, and his mirror where? 
Which of the wise masters knows 
What time Kauss and Jam existed? 
When those heroes left this world, 
Left they nothing but their names. 
Bind thy heart not to the earth, 
When thou goest, come not back. 
Fools squander on the world their hearts. 
League with it, is feud with heaven; 
Never gives it what thou wishest. 

A cup of wine imparts the sight 

Of the five heaven-domes with nine steps: 

Whoso can himself renounce, 

Without support shall walk thereon. 



190 FROM THE PERSIAN OF HAF1Z. 

Who discreet is, is not wise. 
Give me, boy, the Kaiser cup, 
Which rejoices heart and soul; ■ 
Under type of wine and cup 
Signify we purest love. 
Youth like lightning disappears, 
Life goes by us as the wind: 
Leave the dwelling with six doors, 
And the serpent with nine heads; 
Life and silver spend thou freely, 
If thou honorest the soul. 
Haste into the other life; 
All is nought save God alone. - 
Give me, boy, this toy of daemons. 
When the cup of Jam was lost, 
Him availed the world no more. 
Fetch the wine-glass made of ice, 
Wake the torpid heart with wine. 
Every clod of loam below us 
Is a skull of Alexander; 
Oceans are the blood of princes; 
Desert sands the dust of beauties. 
More than one Darius was there 
Who the whole world overcame; 



FROM THE PERSIAN OF HAFIZ. 191 

But since these gave up the ghost, 
Thinkest thou they never were? 
Boy, go from me to the Shah, 
Say to him : Shah crowned as Jam, 
Win thou first the poor man's heart, 
Then the glass; so know the world. 
Empty sorrows from the earth 
Canst thou drive away with wine. 
Now in thy throne's recent beauty, 
In the flowing tide of power, 
Moon of fortune, mighty king, 
Whose tiara sheddeth lustre, 
Peace secure to fish and fowl, 
Heart and eye-sparkle to saints; 
Shoreless is the sea of praise, — 
I content me with a prayer. 
From Nisami's poet-works, 
Highest ornament of speech, 
Here a verse will I recite, 
Verse as beautiful as pearls. 
"More kingdoms wait thy diadem, 
Than are known to thee by name; 
May the sovran destiny 
Grant a victory every morn ! " 



FROM THE PERSIAN OF HAFIZ. 

Of Paradise, O hermit wise, 
Let us renounce the thought. 
Of old therein our names of sin 
Allah recorded not. 

Who dear to God on earthly sod 
No corn-grain plants, 
The same is glad that life is had, 
Though corn he wants. 

Thy mind the mosque and cool kiosk, 
Spare fast, and orisons; 
Mine me allows the drink-house, 
And sweet chase of the nuns. 

O just fakeer, with brow austere, 
Forbid me not the vine; 
On the first day, poor Hafiz clay 
Was kneaded up with wine. 
192 



FROM THE PERSIAN OF HAFIZ. 193 

He is no dervise, Heaven slights his service, 
Who shall refuse 

There in the banquet, to pawn his blanket 
For Schiraz's juice. 

Who his friend's shirt, or hem of his shirt, 
Shall spare to pledge, 
To him Eden's bliss and Angel's kiss 
Shall want their edge. 

Up, Hafiz; grace from high God's face 
Beams on thee pure; 
Shy then not hell, and trust thou well, 
Heaven is secure. 



XENOPHANES. 

By fate, not option, frugal nature gave 
One scent to hyson and to wallflower, 
One sound to pine-groves and to water-falls, 
One aspect to the desert and the lake, 
It was her stern necessity. All things 
Are of one pattern made; bird, beast, and plant, 
Song, picture, form, space, thought, and character, 
Deceive us, seeming to be many things, 
And are but one. Beheld far off, they part 
As God and Devil; bring them to the mind, 
They dull its edge with their monotony. 
To know the old element explore a new, 
And in the second reappears the first. 
The specious panorama of a year 
But multiplies the image of a day, 
A belt of mirrors round a taper's flame, 
And universal nature through her vast 
And crowded whole, an infinite paroquet, 
Repeats one cricket note. 
194 



THE DAY'S RATION. 

When I was born, 

From all the seas of strength Fate filled a 

chalice, 
Saying, This be thy portion, child; this 

chalice, 
Less than a lily's, thou shalt daily draw 
From my great arteries; nor less, nor more. 
All substances the cunning chemist Time 
Melts down into that liquor of my life, 
Friends, foes, joys, fortunes, beauty, and 

disgust, 
And whether I am angry or content, 
Indebted or insulted, loved or hurt, 
All he distils into sidereal wine, 
And brims my little cup; heedless, alas! 
Of all he sheds how little it will hold, 
How much runs over on the desert sands. 
If a new muse draw me with splendid ray, 
And I uplift myself into her heaven, 
195 



196 THE DAY'S RATION. 

The needs of the first sight absorb my blood, 
And all the following hours of the day 
Drag a ridiculous age. 

To-day, when friends approach, and every hour 
Brings book or starbright scroll of genius, 
The tiny cup will hold not a bead more, 
And all the costly liquor runs to waste, 
Nor gives the jealous time one diamond drop 
So to be husbanded for poorer days. 
Why need I volumes, if one word suffice? 
Why need I galleries, when a pupil's draught 
After the master's sketch, fills and o'erfills 
My apprehension? Why should I roam, 
Who cannot circumnavigate the sea 
Of thoughts and things at home, but still ad- 
journ 
The nearest matters to another moon? 
Why see new men 
Who have not understood the old? 



BLIGHT. 

Give me truths, 
For I am weary of the surfaces, 
And die of inanition. If I knew 
Only the herbs and simples of the wood, 
Rue, cinquefoil, gill, vervain, and pimpernel, 
Blue-vetch, and trillium, hawkweed, sassafras, 
Milkweeds, and murky brakes, quaint pipes 

and sundew, 
And rare and virtuous roots, which in these 

woods 
Draw untold juices from the common earth, 
Untold, unknown, and I could surely spell 
Their fragrance, and their chemistry apply 
By sweet affinities to human flesh, 
Driving the foe and stablishing the friend, — 
O that were much, and I could be a part 
Of the round day, related to the sun, 
And planted world, and full executor 
Of their imperfect functions, 
197 



198 BLIGHT. 

But these young scholars who invade our hills, 
Bold as the engineer who fells the wood, 
And travelling often in the cut he makes, 
Love not the flower they pluck, and know it not, 
And all their botany is Latin names. 
The old men studied magic in the flower, 
And human fortunes in astronomy, 
And an omnipotence in chemistry, 
Preferring things to names, for these were men, 
Were unitarians of the united world, 
And wheresoever their clear eyebeams fell, 
They caught the footsteps of the same. Our 

eyes 
Are armed, but we are strangers to the stars, 
And strangers to the mystic beast and bird, 
And strangers to the plant and to the mine; 
The injured elements say, Not in us; 
And night and day, ocean and continent, 
Fire, plant, and mineral say, Not in us, 
And haughtily return us stare for stare. 
For we invade them impiously for gain, 
We devastate them unreligiously, 
And coldly ask their pottage, not their love, 
Therefore they shove us from them, yield to us 



BLIGHT. 199 

Only what to our griping toil is due; 

But the sweet affluence of love and song, 

The rich results of the divine consents 

Of man and earth, of world beloved and lover, 

The nectar and ambrosia are withheld; 

And in the midst of spoils and slaves, we thieves 

And pirates of the universe, shut out 

Daily to a more thin and outward rind, 

Turn pale and starve. Therefore to our sick 

eyes, 
The stunted trees look sick, the summer short, 
Clouds shade the sun, which will not tan our hay. 
And nothing thrives to reach its natural term, 
And life, shorn of its venerable length, 
Even at its greatest space, is a defeat, 
And dies in anger that it was a dupe, 
And, in its highest noon and wantonness, 
Is early frugal like a beggar's child: 
With most unhandsome calculation taught, 
Even in the hot pursuit of the best aims 
And prizes of ambition, checks its hand, 
Like Alpine cataracts, frozen as they leaped, 
Chilled with a miserly comparison 
Of the toy's purchase with the length of life. 



MUSKETAQUID. 

Because I was content with these poor fields, 
Low open meads, slender and sluggish streams, 
And found a home in haunts which others 

scorned, 
The partial wood-gods overpaid my love, 
And granted me the freedom of their state, 
And in their secret senate have prevailed 
With the dear dangerous lords that rule our 

life, 
Made moon and planets parties to their bond, 
And pitying through my solitary wont 
Shot million rays of thought and tenderness. 

For me in showers, in sweeping showers, the 

spring 
Visits the valley: — break away the clouds, 
I bathe in the morn's soft and silvered air, 
And loiter willing by yon loitering^ stream. 
Sparrows far off, and, nearer, yonder bird 
200 



MUSKET AQUID. 201 

Blue-coated, flying before, from tree to tree, 
Courageous sing a delicate overture, 
To lead the tardy concert of the year. 
Onward, and nearer draws the sun of May, 
And wide around the marriage of the plants 
Is sweetly solemnized; then flows amain 
The surge of summer's beauty; dell and crag, 
Hollow and lake, hill-side, and pine arcade, 
Are touched with genius. Yonder ragged cliff 
Has thousand faces in a thousand hours. 

Here friendly landlords, men ineloquent, 
Inhabit, and subdue the spacious farms. 
Traveller! to thee, perchance, a tedious road, 
Or soon forgotten picture, — to these men 
The landscape is an armory of powers, 
Which, one by one, they know to draw and use. 
They harness beast, bird, insect, to their 

work; 
They prove the virtues of each bed of rock, 
And, like a chemist 'mid his loaded jars, 
Draw from each stratum its adapted use, 
To drug their crops, or weapon their arts 
- withal. 



202 MUSKETAQUID. 

They turn the frost upon their chemic heap; 
They set the wind to winnow vetch and grain; 
They thank the spring-flood for its fertile 

slime; 
And, on cheap summit-levels of the snow, 
Slide with the sledge to inaccessible woods, 
O'er meadows bottomless. So, year by year, 
They fight the elements with elements, 
(That one would say, meadow and forest 

walked 
Upright in human shape to rule their like.) 
And by the order in the field disclose, 
The order regnant in the yeoman's brain. 

What these strong masters wrote at large in 

miles, 
I followed in small copy in my acre: 
For there's no rood has not a star above it; 
The cordial quality of pear or plum 
Ascends as gladly in a single tree, 
As in broad orchards resonant with bees; 
And every atom poises for itself, 
And for the whole. The gentle Mother of all 
Showed me the lore of colors and of sounds; 



MUSKET AQUID. 203 

The innumerable tenements of beauty; 

The miracle of generative force; 

Far-reaching concords of astronomy 

Felt in the plants and in the punctual birds; 

Mainly, the linked purpose of the whole; 

And, chiefest prize, found I true liberty, 

The home of homes plain-dealing Nature gave. 

The polite found me impolite; the great 

Would mortify me, but in vain: 

I am a willow of the wilderness, 

Loving the wind that bent me. All my hurts 

My garden-spade can heal. A woodland walk, 

A wild rose, or rock-loving columbine, 

Salve my worst wounds, and leave no cicatrice. 

For thus the wood-gods murmured in my ear, 

Dost love our manners? Canst thou silent lie? 

Canst thou, thy pride forgot, like nature pass 

Into the winter night's extinguished mood? 

Canst thou shine now, then darkle, 

And being latent, feel thyself no less? 

As when the all-worshipped moon attracts the eye, 

The river, hill, stems, foliage, are obscure, 

Yet envies none, none are unenviable. 



DIRGE. 

Knows he who tills this lonely field 
To reap its scanty corn, 
What mystic fruit his acres yield 
At midnight and at morn? 

In the long sunny afternoon, 
The plain was full of ghosts, 
I wandered up, I wandered down, 
Beset by pensive hosts. 

The winding Concord gleamed below, 
Pouring as wide a flood 
As when my brothers long ago, 
Came with me to the wood. 

But they are gone, — the holy ones, 
Who trod with me this lonely vale, 
The strong, star-bright companions 
Are silent, low, and pale. 
204 



DIRGE. 205 

My good, my noble, in their prime, 
Who made this world the feast it was, 
Who learned with me the lore of time, 
Who loved this dwelling-place. 

They took this valley for their toy, 
They played with it in every mood, 
A cell for prayer, a hall for joy, . 
They treated nature as they would. 

They colored the horizon round, 
Stars flamed and faded as they bade, 
All echoes hearkened for their sound, 
They made the woodlands glad or mad. 

I touch this flower of silken leaf 
Which once our childhood knew, 
Its soft leaves wound me with a grief 
Whose balsam never grew. 

Hearken to yon pine warbler 
Singing aloft in the tree; 
Hearest thou, O traveller ! 
What he singeth to me? 



206 DIRGE. 

Not unless God made sharp thine ear 
With sorrow such as mine, 
Out of that delicate lay couldst thou 
The heavy dirge divine. 

Go, lonely man, it saith, 

They loved thee from their birth, 

Their hands were pure, and pure their faith, 

There are no such hearts on earth. 

Ye drew one mothers milk, 
One chamber held ye all; 
A very tender history 
Did in your childhood fall. 

Ye cannot unlock your heart, 
The key is gone with them; 
The silent organ loudest chants 
The master's requiem. 



THRENODY. 

The south-wind brings 

Life, sunshine, and desire, 

And on every mount and meadow 

Breathes aromatic fire, 

But over the dead he has no power, 

The lost, the lost he cannot restore, 

And, looking over the hills, I mourn 

The darling who shall not return. 

I see my empty house, 
I see my trees repair their boughs, 
And he, — the wondrous child, 
Whose silver warble wild 
Outvalued every pulsing sound 
Within the air's cerulean round, 
The hyacinthine boy, for whom 
Morn well might break, and April bloom, 
The gracious boy, who did adorn 
The world whereinto he was born, 
207 



208 THRENODY. 

And by his countenance repay 

The favor of the loving Day, 

Has disappeared from the Day's eye; 

Far and wide she cannot find him, 

My hopes pursue, they cannot bind him. 

Returned this day the south-wind searches 

And finds young pines and budding birches, 

But finds not the budding man; 

Nature who lost him, cannot remake him; 

Fate let him fall, Fate can't retake him; 

Nature, Fate, men, him seek in vain. 

And whither now, my truant wise and sweet, 

Oh, whither tend thy feet? 

I had the right, few days ago, 

Thy steps to watch, thy place to know; 

How have I forfeited the right? 

Hast thou forgot me in a new delight? 

I hearken for thy household cheer, 

O eloquent child! 

Whose voice, an equal messenger, 

Conveyed thy meaning mild. 

What though the pains and joys 

Whereof it spoke were toys 



THRENODY, 209 

Fitting his age and ken;- — 
Yet fairest dames and bearded men, 
Who heard the sweet request 
So gentle, wise, and grave, 
Bended with joy to his behest, 
And let the world's affairs go by, 
Awhile to share his cordial game, 
Or mend his wicker wagon frame, 
Still plotting how their hungry ear 
That winsome voice again might hear, 
For his lips could well pronounce 
Words that were persuasions. 

Gentlest guardians marked serene 
His early hope, his liberal mien, 
Took counsel from his guiding eyes 
To make this wisdom earthly wise. 
Ah! vainly do these eyes recall 
The school-march, each day's festival, 
When every morn my bosom glowed 
To watch the convoy on the road; — 
The babe in willow wagon closed, 
With rolling eyes and face composed, 
With children forward and behind, 



210 THRENODY. 

Like Cupids studiously inclined, 
And he, the Chieftain, paced beside, 
The centre of the troop allied, 
With sunny face of sweet repose, 
To guard the babe from fancied foes. 
The little Captain innocent 
Took the eye with him as he went, 
Each village senior paused to scan 
And speak the lovely caravan. 

From the window I look out 
To mark thy beautiful parade 
Stately marching in cap and coat 
To some tune by fairies played; 
A music heard by thee alone 
To works as noble led thee on. 
Now love and pride, alas, in vain, 
Up and down their glances strain. 
The painted sled stands where it stood, 
The kennel by the corded wood, 
The gathered sticks to stanch the wall 
Of the snow-tower, when snow should fall, 
The ominous hole he dug in the sand, 
And childhood's castles built or planned. 



THRENODY. 211 

His daily haunts I well discern, 

The poultry yard, the shed, the barn, 

And every inch of garden ground 

Paced by the blessed feet around, 

From the road-side to the brook, 

Whereinto he loved to look. 

Step the meek birds where erst they ranged, 

The wintry garden lies unchanged, 

The brook into the stream runs on, 

But the deep-eyed Boy is gone. 

On that shaded day, 
Dark with more clouds than tempests are, 
When thou didst yield thy innocent breath 
In bird-like heavings unto death, 
Night came, and Nature had not thee, — 
I said, we are mates in misery. 
The morrow dawned with needless glow, 
Each snow-bird chirped, each fowl must crow, 
Each tramper started, — but the feet 
Of the most beautiful and sweet 
Of human youth had left the hill 
And garden, — they were bound and still, 
There's not a sparrow or a wren, 



212 THRENODY. 

There* s not a blade of autumn grain, 

Which the four seasons do not tend, 

And tides of life and increase lend, 

And every chick of every bird, 

And weed and rock-moss is preferred. 

O ostriches' f orgetfulness ! 

O loss of larger in the less! 

Was there no star that could be sent, 

No watcher in the firmament, 

No angel from the countless host, 

That loiters round the crystal coast, 

Could stoop to heal that only child, 

Nature's sweet marvel undefiled, 

And keep the blossom of the earth, 

Which all her harvests were not worth? 

Not mine, I never called thee mine, 

But nature's heir, — if I repine, 

And, seeing rashly torn and moved, 

Not what I made, but what I loved. 

Grow early old with grief that then 

Must to the wastes of nature go, — 

? Tis because a general hope 

Was quenched, and all must doubt and grope. 

For flattering planets seemed to say, 



THRENODY. 213 

This child should ills of ages stay, — 
By wondrous tongue and guided pen 
Bring the flown muses back to men. — 
Perchance, not he, but nature ailed, 
The world, and not the infant failed, 
It was not ripe yet, to sustain 
A genius of so fine a strain, 
Who gazed upon the sun and moon 
As if he came unto his own, 
And pregnant with his grander thought, 
Brought the old order into doubt. 
Awhile his beauty their beauty tried, 
They could not feed him, and he died, 
And wandered backward as in scorn 
To wait an ^Eon to be born. 
Ill day which made this beauty waste; 
Plight broken, this high face defaced! 
Some went and came about the dead, 
And some in books of solace read, 
Some to their friends the tidings say, 
Some went to write, some went to pray, 
One tarried here, there hurried one, 
But their heart abode with none. 
Covetous death bereaved us all 



214 THRENODY. 

To aggrandize one funeral. 
The eager Fate which carried thee 
Took the largest part of me. 
For this losing is true dying, 
This is lordly man's down-lying, 
This is slow but sure reclining, 
Star by star his world resigning. 

O child of Paradise! 
Boy who made dear his father's home 
In whose deep eyes 

Men read the welfare of the times to come; 
I am too much bereft; 
The world dishonored thou hast left; 
O truths and natures costly lie; 
O trusted, broken prophecy! 
O richest fortune sourly crossed; 
Born for the future, to the future lost! 

The deep Heart answered, Weepest thou? 

Worthier cause for passion wild, 

If I had not taken the child. 

And deemest thou as those who pore 

With aged eyes short way before? 



THRENODY. 215 

Think'st Beauty vanished from the coast 
Of matter, and thy darling lost? 
Taught he not thee, — the man of eld, 
Whose eyes within his eyes beheld 
Heaven's numerous hierarchy span 
The mystic gulf from God to man? 
To be alone wilt thou begin, 
When worlds of lovers hem thee in? 
To-morrow, when the masks shall fall 
That dizen nature's carnival, 
The pure shall see, by their own will, 
Which overflowing love shall fill, — 
'Tis not within the force of Fate 
The fate-conjoined to separate. 
But thou, my votary, weepest thou? 
I gave thee sight, where is it now? 
I taught thy heart beyond the reach 
Of ritual, Bible, or of speech; 
Wrote in thy mind's transparent table 
As far as the incommunicable; 
Taught thee each private sign to raise 
Lit by the supersolar blaze. 
Past utterance and past belief, 
And past the blasphemy of grief, 



216 THRENODY. 

The mysteries of nature's heart, — 
And though no muse can these impart, 
Throb thine with nature's throbbing breast, 
And all is clear from east to west. 

I came to thee as to a friend, 
Dearest, to thee I did not send 
Tutors, but a joyful eye, 
Innocence that matched the sky, 
Lovely locks a form of wonder, 
Laughter rich as woodland thunder; 
That thou might' st entertain apart 
The richest flowering of all art; 
And, as the great all-loving Day 
Through smallest chambers takes its way, 
That thou might' st break thy daily bread 
With Prophet, Saviour, and head; 
That thou might' st cherish for thine own 
The riches of sweet Mary's Son, 
Boy- Rabbi, Israel's Paragon: 
And thoughtest thou such guest 
Would in thy hall take up his rest? 
Would rushing life forget its laws, 
Fate's glowing revolution pause? 



THRENODY. 217 

High omens ask diviner guess, 

Not to be conned to tediousness. 

And know, my higher gifts unbind 

The zone that girds the incarnate mind, 

When the scanty shores are full 

With Thought's perilous whirling pool, 

When frail Nature can no more, — 

Then the spirit strikes the hour, 

My servant Death with solving rite 

Pours finite into infinite. 

Wilt thou freeze love's tidal flow, 

Whose streams through nature circling go? 

Nail the star struggling to its track 

On the half-climbed Zodiack? 

Light is light which radiates, 

Blood is blood which circulates, 

Life is life which generates, 

And many-seeming life is one, — 

Wilt thou transfix and make it none, 

Its onward stream too starkly pent 

In figure, bone, and lineament? 

Wilt thou uncalled interrogate 
Talker! the unreplying fate? 



218 THRENODY, 

Nor see the Genius of the whole 

Ascendant in the private soul, 

Beckon it when to go and come, 

Self-announced its hour of doom. 

Fair the soul's recess and shrine, 

Magic-built, to last a season, 

Masterpiece of love benign! 

Fairer than expansive reason 

Whose omen 'tis, and sign. 

Wilt thou not ope this heart to know 

What rainbows teach and sunsets show, 

Verdict which accumulates 

From lengthened scroll of human fates, 

Voice of earth to earth returned, 

Prayers of heart that inly burned; 

Saying, what is excellent, 

As God lives, is permanent, 

Hearts are dust, hearts'* loves remain, 

Heart' ' s love will meet thee again. 

Revere the Maker; fetch thine eye 

Up to His style, and manners of the sky. 

Not of adamant and gold 

Built He heaven stark and cold, 

No, but a nest of bending reeds, 



THRENODY. 219 

Flowering grass and scented weeds, 
Or like a traveller's fleeting tent, 
Or bow above the tempest pent, 
Built of tears and sacred flames, 
And virtue reaching to its aims; 
Built of furtherance and pursuing, 
Not of spent deeds, but of doing. 
Silent rushes the swift Lord 
Through ruined systems still restored, 
Broad-sowing, bleak and void to bless, 
Plants with worlds the wilderness, 
Waters with tears of ancient sorrow 
Apples of Eden ripe to-morrow; 
House and tenant go to ground, 
Lost in God, in Godhead found. 



HYMN. 

SUNG AT THE COMPLETION OF CONCORD MONUMENT, 
APRIL 19, 1836. 

By the rude bridge that arched the flood, 
Their flag to April's breeze unfurled, 
Here once the embattled farmers stood, 
And fired the shot heard round the world, 

The foe long since in silence slept, 
Alike the Conqueror silent sleeps, 
And Time the ruined bridge has swept 
Down the dark stream which seaward creeps. 

On this green bank, by this soft stream, 
We set to-day a votive stone, 
That memory may their deed redeem, 
When like our sires our sons are gone. 

Spirit! who made those freemen dare 
To die, or leave their children free, 
Bid time and nature gently spare 
The shaft we raise to them and Thee. 
220 



JUN 15 1899 



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